Ptolemy IX Soter

Ptolemy IX Soter
Ptolemy IX Soter
	Probable bust of Ptolemy IX
Pharaoh
	King of the Ptolemaic Kingdom
Reign	116–107 BC with Cleopatra III; 88–81 BC;
Predecessor	Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra III (116 BC); Ptolemy X Alexander I (88 BC)
Successor	Ptolemy X Alexander I (107 BC); Berenice III (81 BC)
Horus name
Horus name
Nebty name
Golden Horus
Prenomen (Praenomen)
Nomen
	ptwlmis Ꜥnḫ-ḏt mri-ptḥ; Petulemis Ankhdjet meryptah; Ptolemaios, living forever, beloved of Ptah
	;
Consorts	Cleopatra IV of Egypt (m. 119 BC; divorced 115 BC); Cleopatra Selene (m. 115 BC; divorced 107 BC)
Children	Two legitimate sons; Berenice III, Queen of Egypt; Ptolemy XII, King of Egypt; Ptolemy, King of Cyprus; Cleopatra V, Queen of Egypt (perhaps);
Father	Ptolemy VIII of Egypt
Mother	Cleopatra III of Egypt
Born	143/2 BC or 140/39 BC
Died	December 81 BC
Dynasty	Ptolemaic dynasty

Ptolemy IX Soter II^{[note 1]} (Greek: Πτολεμαῖος Σωτήρ, Ptolemaĩos Sōtḗr "Ptolemy the Saviour"), commonly nicknamed Lathyros (Λάθυρος, Láthuros "chickpea"),^[3] was twice King of Ptolemaic Egypt. He was the son of Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra III. He reigned as Ptolemy Philometor Soter in joint rule with his grandmother Cleopatra II and mother Cleopatra III from 116 to 107 BC, and then again as Ptolemy Soter from 88 to 81 BC.

Ptolemy IX became the heir apparent after the murder of his half-brother Ptolemy Memphites in 130 BC, during a civil war between Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra II. On his father's death in 116 BC, he became co-regent with Cleopatra II (until 115 BC) and with Cleopatra III. He eventually quarrelled with his mother and in 107 BC, she deposed him and replaced him with his younger brother, Ptolemy X. However, Ptolemy IX succeeded in seizing control of Cyprus. From there he invaded Judaea, but was prevented by Ptolemy X from invading Egypt (103–102 BC). In 88 BC, the Alexandrians expelled Ptolemy X and restored Ptolemy IX to the throne. He reigned alone until 81 BC, when he appointed his daughter Berenice III as co-regent shortly before his own death. She succeeded him as ruler.

^ Bennett, Chris. "Ptolemy IX". Egyptian Royal Genealogy. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
^ Hölbl 2001, p. 203
^ Ptolemy Soter II and Ptolemy Alexander I at LacusCurtius — (Chapter XI of E. R Bevan's House of Ptolemy, 1923)

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[CBP9-1] Bennett, Chris. "Ptolemy IX". Egyptian Royal Genealogy. Retrieved 11 November 2019.

[H203-2] Hölbl 2001, p. 203

[Ptolemy-4] Ptolemy Soter II and Ptolemy Alexander I at LacusCurtius — (Chapter XI of E. R Bevan's House of Ptolemy, 1923)

[1]

[2]

[note 1]

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