Quantum-cascade laser

Quantum-cascade lasers (QCLs) are semiconductor lasers that emit in the mid- to far-infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum and were first demonstrated by Jérôme Faist, Federico Capasso, Deborah Sivco, Carlo Sirtori, Albert Hutchinson, and Alfred Cho at Bell Laboratories in 1994.[1]

Unlike typical interband semiconductor lasers that emit electromagnetic radiation through the recombination of electron–hole pairs across the material band gap, QCLs are unipolar, and laser emission is achieved through the use of intersubband transitions in a repeated stack of semiconductor multiple quantum well heterostructures, an idea first proposed in the article "Possibility of amplification of electromagnetic waves in a semiconductor with a superlattice" by R. F. Kazarinov and R. A. Suris in 1971.[2]

  1. ^ Faist, Jerome; Federico Capasso; Deborah L. Sivco; Carlo Sirtori; Albert L. Hutchinson; Alfred Y. Cho (April 1994). "Quantum Cascade Laser". Science. 264 (5158): 553–556. Bibcode:1994Sci...264..553F. doi:10.1126/science.264.5158.553. PMID 17732739. S2CID 220111282.
  2. ^ Kazarinov, R. F.; Suris, R. A. (April 1971). "Possibility of amplification of electromagnetic waves in a semiconductor with a superlattice". Fizika I Tekhnika Poluprovodnikov. 5 (4): 797–800.

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