Quantum radar

Quantum radar is a speculative remote-sensing technology based on quantum-mechanical effects, such as the uncertainty principle or quantum entanglement. Broadly speaking, a quantum radar can be seen as a device working in the microwave range, which exploits quantum features, from the point of view of the radiation source and/or the output detection, and is able to outperform a classical counterpart. One approach is based on the use of input quantum correlations (in particular, quantum entanglement) combined with a suitable interferometric quantum detection at the receiver (strongly related to the protocol of quantum illumination).

Paving the way for a technologically viable prototype of a quantum radar involves the resolution of a number of experimental challenges as discussed in some review articles,^[1]^[2]^[3] the latter of which pointed out "inaccurate reporting" in the media. Current experimental designs seem to be limited to very short ranges, of the order of one meter,^[4]^[5]^[6] suggesting that potential applications might instead be for near-distance surveillance or biomedical scanning.

^ Pirandola, S; Bardhan, B. R.; Gehring, T.; Weedbrook, C.; Lloyd, S. (2018). "Advances in photonic quantum sensing". Nature Photonics. 12 (12): 724–733. arXiv:1811.01969. Bibcode:2018NaPho..12..724P. doi:10.1038/s41566-018-0301-6. S2CID 53626745.
^ Gallego Torromé, Ricardo; Barzanjeh, Shabir (2023). "Advances in quantum radar and quantum LiDAR". Progress in Quantum Electronics. 93: 100497. arXiv:2310.07198. doi:10.1016/j.pquantelec.2023.100497.
^ Shapiro, Jeffrey (2020). "The Quantum Illumination Story". IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine. 35 (4): 8–20. arXiv:1910.12277. doi:10.1109/MAES.2019.2957870. S2CID 204976516.
^ Sandbo Chang, C. W..; Vadiraj, A.M.; Bourassa, J.; Balaji, B.; Wilson, C.M. (2020). "Quantum-enhanced noise radar". Appl. Phys. Lett. 114 (11): 112601. arXiv:1812.03778. doi:10.1063/1.5085002. S2CID 118919613.
^ Luong, L; Balaji, B.; Sandbo Chang, C. W.; Ananthapadmanabha Rao, V. M.; Wilson, C. (2018). "Microwave Quantum Radar: An Experimental Validation". 2018 International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST). pp. 1–5. doi:10.1109/CCST.2018.8585630. ISBN 978-1-5386-7931-9. S2CID 56718191.
^ Barzanjeh, Shabir; Pirandola, Stefano; Vitali, David; Fink, Johannes M. (2020). "Microwave quantum illumination using a digital receiver". Science Advances. 6 (19): eabb0451. arXiv:1908.03058. Bibcode:2020SciA....6..451B. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abb0451. PMC 7272231. PMID 32548249.

[QIlimits-1] Pirandola, S; Bardhan, B. R.; Gehring, T.; Weedbrook, C.; Lloyd, S. (2018). "Advances in photonic quantum sensing". Nature Photonics. 12 (12): 724–733. arXiv:1811.01969. Bibcode:2018NaPho..12..724P. doi:10.1038/s41566-018-0301-6. S2CID 53626745.

[Gallego_Torromé_Barzanjeh_2023_p._100497-2] Gallego Torromé, Ricardo; Barzanjeh, Shabir (2023). "Advances in quantum radar and quantum LiDAR". Progress in Quantum Electronics. 93: 100497. arXiv:2310.07198. doi:10.1016/j.pquantelec.2023.100497.

[ShapiroQI-3] Shapiro, Jeffrey (2020). "The Quantum Illumination Story". IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine. 35 (4): 8–20. arXiv:1910.12277. doi:10.1109/MAES.2019.2957870. S2CID 204976516.

[WilsonEXP-4] Sandbo Chang, C. W..; Vadiraj, A.M.; Bourassa, J.; Balaji, B.; Wilson, C.M. (2020). "Quantum-enhanced noise radar". Appl. Phys. Lett. 114 (11): 112601. arXiv:1812.03778. doi:10.1063/1.5085002. S2CID 118919613.

[5] Luong, L; Balaji, B.; Sandbo Chang, C. W.; Ananthapadmanabha Rao, V. M.; Wilson, C. (2018). "Microwave Quantum Radar: An Experimental Validation". 2018 International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST). pp. 1–5. doi:10.1109/CCST.2018.8585630. ISBN 978-1-5386-7931-9. S2CID 56718191.

[6] Barzanjeh, Shabir; Pirandola, Stefano; Vitali, David; Fink, Johannes M. (2020). "Microwave quantum illumination using a digital receiver". Science Advances. 6 (19): eabb0451. arXiv:1908.03058. Bibcode:2020SciA....6..451B. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abb0451. PMC 7272231. PMID 32548249.

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