RANKL

TNFSF11
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	3URF, 5BNQ
Identifiers
Aliases	TNFSF11, CD254, ODF, OPGL, OPTB2, RANKL, TRANCE, hRANKL2, sOdf, TNLG6B, tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 11, TNF superfamily member 11
External IDs	OMIM: 602642; MGI: 1100089; HomoloGene: 2744; GeneCards: TNFSF11; OMA:TNFSF11 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 13 (human)
End	42,608,013 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 14 (mouse)
End	78,545,483 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	gonad; ; tibia; ; lymph node; ; buccal mucosa cell; ; palpebral conjunctiva; ; testicle; ; appendix; ; amniotic fluid; ; epithelium of nasopharynx; ; rectum;
	Top expressed in
	urethra; ; female urethra; ; male urethra; ; mesenteric lymph nodes; ; secondary oocyte; ; primary oocyte; ; embryo; ; lactiferous gland; ; endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel; ; embryo;
	More reference expression data
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	cytokine activity; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily binding; tumor necrosis factor receptor binding; protein binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; integral component of membrane; membrane; plasma membrane; integral component of plasma membrane; extracellular region; extracellular space;
Biological process	mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation; cell differentiation; positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling; positive regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion; positive regulation of MAP kinase activity; calcium ion homeostasis; ossification; monocyte chemotaxis; cytokine-mediated signaling pathway; osteoclast differentiation; ERK1 and ERK2 cascade; paracrine signaling; positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity; positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation; tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction; positive regulation of bone resorption; mammary gland alveolus development; positive regulation of JNK cascade; bone resorption; positive regulation of osteoclast development; multicellular organism development; positive regulation of T cell activation; positive regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion; positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity; positive regulation of fever generation by positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion; positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade via TNFSF11-mediated signaling; regulation of osteoclast differentiation; immune response; animal organ morphogenesis; positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling; TNFSF11-mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of phosphorylation; protein homooligomerization; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; osteoclast proliferation; calcium-mediated signaling; cellular response to leukemia inhibitory factor; regulation of signaling receptor activity; tooth eruption; bone development; positive regulation of gene expression; osteoclast development; regulation of actin binding;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	8600
	21943
	ENSG00000120659
	ENSMUSG00000022015
	O14788
	O35235
	NM_003701; NM_033012
	NM_011613
	NP_003692; NP_143026
	NP_035743
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL), also known as tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 (TNFSF11), TNF-related activation-induced cytokine (TRANCE), osteoprotegerin ligand (OPGL), and osteoclast differentiation factor (ODF), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNFSF11 gene.^[5]^[6]

RANKL is known as a type II membrane protein and is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily.^[7] RANKL has been identified to affect the immune system and control bone regeneration and remodeling. RANKL is an apoptosis regulator gene, a binding partner of osteoprotegerin (OPG), a ligand for the receptor RANK and controls cell proliferation by modifying protein levels of Id4, Id2 and cyclin D1.^[8]^[9] RANKL is expressed in several tissues and organs including: skeletal muscle, thymus, liver, colon, small intestine, adrenal gland, osteoblast, mammary gland epithelial cells, prostate and pancreas.^[9] Variation in concentration levels of RANKL throughout several organs reconfirms the importance of RANKL in tissue growth (particularly bone growth) and immune functions within the body.

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000120659 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022015 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Wong BR, Rho J, Arron J, Robinson E, Orlinick J, Chao M, Kalachikov S, Cayani E, Bartlett FS, Frankel WN, Lee SY, Choi Y (October 1997). "TRANCE is a novel ligand of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family that activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase in T cells". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (40): 25190–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.40.25190. PMID 9312132.
^ Anderson DM, Maraskovsky E, Billingsley WL, Dougall WC, Tometsko ME, Roux ER, Teepe MC, DuBose RF, Cosman D, Galibert L (November 1997). "A homologue of the TNF receptor and its ligand enhance T-cell growth and dendritic-cell function". Nature. 390 (6656): 175–9. Bibcode:1997Natur.390..175A. doi:10.1038/36593. PMID 9367155. S2CID 4373990.
^ Hanada R, Hanada T, Sigl V, Schramek D, Penninger JM (2011). "RANKL/RANK-beyond bones". J. Mol. Med. 89 (7): 647–56. doi:10.1007/s00109-011-0749-z. PMID 21445556. S2CID 25285776.
^ Mueller CG, Hess E (2012). "Emerging Functions of RANKL in Lymphoid Tissues". Front Immunol. 3: 261. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2012.00261. PMC 3432452. PMID 22969763.
^ ^a ^b Wada T, Nakashima T, Hiroshi N, Penninger JM (2006). "RANKL-RANK signaling in osteoclastogenesis and bone disease". Trends Mol Med. 12 (1): 17–25. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2005.11.007. PMID 16356770.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000120659 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022015 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid9312132-5] Wong BR, Rho J, Arron J, Robinson E, Orlinick J, Chao M, Kalachikov S, Cayani E, Bartlett FS, Frankel WN, Lee SY, Choi Y (October 1997). "TRANCE is a novel ligand of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family that activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase in T cells". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (40): 25190–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.40.25190. PMID 9312132.

[pmid9367155-6] Anderson DM, Maraskovsky E, Billingsley WL, Dougall WC, Tometsko ME, Roux ER, Teepe MC, DuBose RF, Cosman D, Galibert L (November 1997). "A homologue of the TNF receptor and its ligand enhance T-cell growth and dendritic-cell function". Nature. 390 (6656): 175–9. Bibcode:1997Natur.390..175A. doi:10.1038/36593. PMID 9367155. S2CID 4373990.

[pmid21445556-7] Hanada R, Hanada T, Sigl V, Schramek D, Penninger JM (2011). "RANKL/RANK-beyond bones". J. Mol. Med. 89 (7): 647–56. doi:10.1007/s00109-011-0749-z. PMID 21445556. S2CID 25285776.

[pmid22969763-8] Mueller CG, Hess E (2012). "Emerging Functions of RANKL in Lymphoid Tissues". Front Immunol. 3: 261. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2012.00261. PMC 3432452. PMID 22969763.

[Wada_2006-9] Wada T, Nakashima T, Hiroshi N, Penninger JM (2006). "RANKL-RANK signaling in osteoclastogenesis and bone disease". Trends Mol Med. 12 (1): 17–25. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2005.11.007. PMID 16356770.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]