Back آر (لغة برمجة) Arabic R (proqramlaşdırma dili) Azerbaijani R (мова праграмавання) Byelorussian R (език за програмиране) Bulgarian আর (প্রোগ্রামিং ভাষা) Bengali/Bangla R (llenguatge de programació) Catalan ئاڕ (زمانی پرۆگرامکردن) CKB R (programovací jazyk) Czech R (iaith raglennu) Welsh R (statistikprogram) Danish
 | This article's lead section may be too technical for most readers to understand. (May 2025) |
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&sq=Andrew_Sorkin&lang=en&file=File:R_terminal.jpg) R terminal | |
| Paradigms | Multi-paradigm: procedural, object-oriented, functional, reflective, imperative, array[1] |
|---|---|
| Designed by | Ross Ihaka and Robert Gentleman |
| Developer | R Core Team |
| First appeared | August 1993 |
| Stable release | 4.5.0[2] 
/ 11 April 2025 |
| Typing discipline | Dynamic |
| Platform | arm64 and x86-64 |
| License | GPL-2.0-or-later[3] |
| Filename extensions | |
| Website | r-project.org |
| Influenced by | |
| Influenced | |
| Julia[7] pandas[8] | |
| |
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R is a programming language for statistical computing and data visualization. It has been adopted in the fields of data mining, bioinformatics and data analysis.[9]
The core R language is augmented by a large number of extension packages, containing reusable code, documentation, and sample data.
R software is open-source and free software. R is a GNU Project and licensed under the GNU General Public License.[3][10] It's written primarily in C, Fortran, and R itself. Precompiled executables are provided for various operating systems.
As an interpreted language, R has a native command line interface. Moreover, multiple third-party graphical user interfaces are available, such as RStudio—an integrated development environment—and Jupyter—a notebook interface.
- ^ a b Morandat, Frances; Hill, Brandon; Osvald, Leo; Vitek, Jan (11 June 2012). "Evaluating the design of the R language: objects and functions for data analysis". European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming. 2012: 104–131. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-31057-7_6. Retrieved 17 May 2016 – via SpringerLink.
- ^ Peter Dalgaard (11 April 2025). "R 4.5.0 is released". Retrieved 11 April 2025.
- ^ a b "R - Free Software Directory". directory.fsf.org. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
- ^ "R scripts". mercury.webster.edu. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
- ^ "R Data Format Family (.rdata, .rda)". Loc.gov. 9 June 2017. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
- ^ Hornik, Kurt; The R Core Team (12 April 2022). "R FAQ". The Comprehensive R Archive Network. 3.3 What are the differences between R and S?. Archived from the original on 28 December 2022. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
- ^ "Introduction". The Julia Manual. Archived from the original on 20 June 2018. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
- ^ "Comparison with R". pandas Getting started. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
- ^ Giorgi, Federico M.; Ceraolo, Carmine; Mercatelli, Daniele (27 April 2022). "The R Language: An Engine for Bioinformatics and Data Science". Life. 12 (5): 648. Bibcode:2022Life...12..648G. doi:10.3390/life12050648. PMC 9148156. PMID 35629316.
- ^ "R: What is R?". www.r-project.org. Retrieved 10 May 2025.
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