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Rajput

For other uses, see Rajput (disambiguation).

Rajput
ReligionsMajority: Hinduism
Minority: Islam
• Sikhism [1]
LanguagesHindi-Urdu, Haryanvi, Bundeli, Bagheli, Chhattisgarhi, Marwari, Mewari, Shekhawati, Dhundari, Malwi, Bhojpuri,[2] Awadhi, Braj Bhasha, Magahi, Maithili,[3] Gujarati, Sindhi, Punjabi, Marathi, Western Pahari, Dogri, Kumaoni, Garhwali
Country•  India •  Pakistan •    Nepal
Populated statesRajasthan • Gujarat • Madhya Pradesh • Haryana • Indian Punjab • Pakistani Punjab • Himachal Pradesh • Uttarakhand • Jammu and Kashmir • Azad Kashmir • Uttar Pradesh • Bihar • Maharashtra[4] • Sindh
Region•Northern India
•Western India
StatusForward caste
(except in Karnataka)

Rājpūt (IPA: [ɾaːd͡ʒpuːt̪], from Sanskrit rājaputra meaning "son of a king"), also called Thākur (IPA: [ʈʰaːkʊɾ]),[5] is a large multi-component cluster of castes, kin bodies, and local groups, sharing social status and ideology of genealogical descent originating from the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. The term Rajput covers various patrilineal clans historically associated with warriorhood: several clans claim Rajput status, although not all claims are universally accepted. According to modern scholars, almost all Rajput clans originated from peasant or pastoral communities.

Over time, the Rajputs emerged as a social class comprising people from a variety of ethnic and geographical backgrounds. From the 12th to 16th centuries, the membership of this class became largely hereditary, although new claims to Rajput status continued to be made in later centuries. Several Rajput-ruled kingdoms played a significant role in many regions of central and northern India from the seventh century onwards.

The Rajput population and the former Rajput states are found in northern, western, central and eastern India, as well as southern and eastern Pakistan. These areas include Rajasthan, Delhi, Haryana, Gujarat, Eastern Punjab, Western Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu, Uttarakhand, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Sindh and Azad Kashmir.

In terms of religious affiliation, in 1988 it was estimated that out of a total Rajput population of roughly 38 million in the Indian subcontinent, the majority, 30 million (79%) were Hindus, nearly 8 million (19.9%) were followers of Islam (mostly concentrated in Pakistan) while slightly less than 200,000 (0.5%) were Sikhs.[6]

  1. ^ Cohen, Stephen Philip (2006). The idea of Pakistan (Rev. ed.). Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press. pp. 35–36. ISBN 978-0815715030. Retrieved 18 July 2017.
  2. ^ "Folk-lore, Volume 21". 1980. p. 79. Retrieved 9 April 2017.
  3. ^ Roy, Ramashray (1 January 2003). Samaskaras in Indian Tradition and Culture. Shipra Publications. p. 195. ISBN 9788175411401. Retrieved 4 March 2017.
  4. ^ Rajendra Vora (2009). Christophe Jaffrelot; Sanjay Kumar (eds.). Rise of the Plebeians?: The Changing Face of the Indian Legislative Assemblies (Exploring the Political in South Asia). Routledge India. p. 217. ISBN 9781136516627. [In Maharashtra]The Lingayats, the Gujjars and the Rajputs are three other important castes which belong to the intermediate category. The lingayats who hail from north Karnataka are found primarily in south Maharashtra and Marthwada while Gujjars and Rajputs who migrated centuries ago from north India have settled in north Maharashtra districts.
  5. ^
  6. ^ Sukhbir Singh, "Distributional Pattern of the Major Agricultural Communities (Ahirs, Gujars, Jats and Rajputs) in Their Traditional Abode of the North-Western Indian Subcontinent", Population Geography, Vol. 10, Nos. 1 and 2, June–December 1988, pp. 1–17, table 2 on p. 6. Archived 23 June 2025.

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