Royal Prussia | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Province of Poland | |||||||||
1466–1569 | |||||||||
Map of Royal Prussia (light pink) | |||||||||
Area | |||||||||
• Coordinates | 54°N 19°E / 54°N 19°E | ||||||||
History | |||||||||
19 October 1466 | |||||||||
1 July 1569 | |||||||||
| |||||||||
Today part of | Poland Russia¹ | ||||||||
¹ Small portion of the Vistula Spit around Polski[1] |
Royal Prussia (Polish: Prusy Królewskie; German: Königlich-Preußen or Preußen Königlichen Anteils, Kashubian: Królewsczé Prësë) or Polish Prussia[2] (Polish: Prusy Polskie;[3] German: Polnisch-Preußen)[4] was a province of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, which was established after the Second Peace of Toruń (1466) from territory in Pomerelia and western Prussia which had previously been part of the State of the Teutonic Order (these areas were officially occupied by the Teutonic Knights in 1308, previously they also belonged to Poland).[5][6][7] Royal Prussia retained its autonomy, governing itself and maintaining its own laws, customs, rights and German language for German minority.[8][9]
In 1569, Royal Prussia was fully integrated into the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and its autonomy was largely abandoned.[10] As a result, the Royal Prussian parliament was incorporated into the Sejm of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.[11] In 1772 and 1793, after first and second partition of Poland, the former territory of Royal Prussia was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia and subsequently re-organized into the province of West Prussia. This occurred at the time of the First Partition of Poland, with other parts of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth being annexed by the Russian Empire and Habsburg Austria.
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