SS Dzhurma

History
Name	1921: Brielle; 1935: Djurma (also known as Dzhurma);
Owner	1921: Royal Netherlands Steamship Company; 1935: Dalstroi; 1953: Far East Shipping Company;
Operator	1921: Verenigde Nederlandsche Scheepvaartmaatschappij; 1935: Dalstroi;
Port of registry	1921: Amsterdam, Netherlands; 1935: Nogaevo, Soviet Union;
Builder	Scheepsbouw Maatschappij Nieuwe Waterweg, Schiedam
Launched	31 December 1920
Completed	April 1921
Fate	Scrapped 1970
General characteristics
Type	Cargo ship
Tonnage	6,908 GRT
Length	122.7 m (402 ft 7 in) (pp)
Beam	17.8 m (58 ft 5 in)
Depth	34 ft 7 in (10.54 m)
Decks	3
Propulsion	1 x triple-expansion steam engine
Speed	10.5 knots (19.4 km/h)

SS Dzhurma (Russian: «Джу́рма», IPA: [ˈdʑurmə]) was converted to a Soviet steamship in 1935 and occasionally used for transporting prisoners within the Gulag system. In the Western sources its name used to be spelled as Djurma.^[5] Because of an urban legend of an incident in 1933–34 in which 12,000 prisoners were said to have died, it has become the most infamous ship of the Dalstroy prison fleet.^[6] The ship was built in the Netherlands in 1921 as the SS Brielle. When the ship was sold to the Soviet Union in 1935, it was registered under the spelling Djurma, in accordance with the Protocol of Third Soviet-American Session regarding maritime shipping dated to the first half of 1974. The ship's name has been most commonly transliterated as Dzhurma since 1974.

The word Джурма means "light path", "bright path" or "shining path" (Russian: "светлый путь") in the Evenki language.^[7]

^ ^a ^b ^c Cite error: The named reference LRS-Brielle was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference LRS-Djurma was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Cite error: The named reference Miramar was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b ^c Cite error: The named reference Boll-88 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ [MARTIN J. BOLLINGER, "DID TWELVE THOUSAND GULAG PRISONERS DIE ON THE "DZHURMA?", JSTOR 24660835]
^ Cite error: The named reference bollinger was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Фатхиева Татьяна. География русской славы >> "Джурма".

[LRS-Brielle-1] Cite error: The named reference LRS-Brielle was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[LRS-Djurma-2] Cite error: The named reference LRS-Djurma was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Miramar-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Cite error: The named reference Miramar was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Boll-88-4] Cite error: The named reference Boll-88 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[5] [MARTIN J. BOLLINGER, "DID TWELVE THOUSAND GULAG PRISONERS DIE ON THE "DZHURMA?", JSTOR 24660835]

[bollinger-6] Cite error: The named reference bollinger was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[7] Фатхиева Татьяна. География русской славы >> "Джурма".

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History

Name	1921: Brielle 1935: Djurma (also known as Dzhurma)
Owner	1921: Royal Netherlands Steamship Company^[3] 1935: Dalstroi^[4] 1953: Far East Shipping Company
Operator	1921: Verenigde Nederlandsche Scheepvaartmaatschappij^[4] 1935: Dalstroi^[4]
Port of registry	1921: Amsterdam, Netherlands^[1] 1935: Nogaevo, Soviet Union^[2]
Builder	Scheepsbouw Maatschappij Nieuwe Waterweg, Schiedam^[3]
Launched	31 December 1920^[3]
Completed	April 1921^[3]
Fate	Scrapped 1970^[3]
General characteristics
Type	Cargo ship
Tonnage	6,908 GRT^[1]
Length	122.7 m (402 ft 7 in) (pp)^[3]
Beam	17.8 m (58 ft 5 in)^[3]
Depth	34 ft 7 in (10.54 m)^[1]
Decks	3
Propulsion	1 x triple-expansion steam engine^[3]
Speed	10.5 knots (19.4 km/h)^[3]