Same-sex marriage in Nepal

Same-sex marriage has been provisionally recognised nationwide in Nepal since 24 April 2024. On 28 June 2023, Supreme Court Justice Til Prasad Shrestha directed the government to establish a "separate register" for "sexual minorities and non-traditional couples" and to "temporarily register their marriages".[1][2] Despite the directive, a district court in Kathmandu denied a same-sex couple's application to marry on 13 July 2023.[3][4] In the last week of November 2023, the couple was informed by the Ministry of Home Affairs that their marriage would be registered.[5] They successfully registered their marriage on 29 November 2023 in Dordi, followed by two other couples over the following months.[6][7][8][9] On 24 April 2024, the National ID and Civil Registration Department issued a circular to all local registration authorities, instructing them to enter all same-sex marriages into the separate register.[10][11] The temporary registration doesn't grant same-sex couples the same legal rights and recognition as opposite-sex couples. Same-sex couples cannot inherit property, get tax subsidies, make spousal medical decisions and adopt children among others.[12] They are also labeled as "groom and bride" on the marriage certificate.[13] It is unknown if all local governments are complying with the decision of the National ID and Civil Registration Department.

Nonetheless, no supporting legislation has been passed by the Federal Parliament,[14][15] and the Supreme Court has yet to deliver a final verdict on the case.[16][17][18] A first hearing was expected to begin on 14 March 2024.[19]

In 2011 and 2012, as the country was undergoing a political transition, there was an attempt to add LGBT-inclusive language to the proposed constitution, following a demand by the Supreme Court. However, negotiations among political factions failed in spring 2012 and the drafting of a new constitution was placed on hold until new elections were held. A constitution was approved by the Constituent Assembly on 16 September 2015,[20] and while it includes "gender and sexual minorities" as a protected category, it does not address same-sex marriages.[21] The National Code of Nepal enacted in 2018 explicitly defines marriage as "when a man and a woman accept each other as husband and wife".[22]

  1. ^ "Nepal: Apex court issues interim order to "temporarily register" same-sex marriages". ANI. Kathmandu. 29 June 2023. Archived from the original on 28 June 2023. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  2. ^ Chudy, Emily (30 June 2023). "Nepal ordered to recognise same-sex marriage by Supreme Court". PinkNews. Archived from the original on 11 July 2023. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  3. ^ "Kathmandu court rejects marriage registration application of gay couple". Deccan Herald. Kathmandu. 13 July 2023. Archived from the original on 13 July 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2023.
  4. ^ "Nepal gay marriage 'victory' hits legal roadblock". BBC News. 23 August 2023. Archived from the original on 24 August 2023. Retrieved 24 August 2023.
  5. ^ "मायाको पहिचानको अर्को सफलता: समलिङ्गी तेस्रोलिंगीले प्रत्येक वडा विवाह दर्ता गर्न पाउने". April 25, 2024. Archived from the original on May 3, 2024. Retrieved May 3, 2024.
  6. ^ "LGBTQ couple in Nepal becomes the 1st to receive official same-sex marriage status". NBC News. 29 November 2023. Archived from the original on 29 November 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  7. ^ "First same-sex marriage "temporarily" registered in Nepal". ANI News. 29 November 2023. Archived from the original on 29 November 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference second was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference Deccan was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ {{Cite web|url=https://www.apcom.org/long-road-lasting-marriage-equality-nepal/
  11. ^ "In landmark move, Nepal's govt circular allows same-sex marriage". April 27, 2024. Archived from the original on May 3, 2024. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
  12. ^ {{Cite web|url=https://kathmandupost.com/national/2023/12/03/how-court-laid-the-ground-for-same-sex-marriage-in-nepal
  13. ^ {{Cite web|url=https://www.makalukhabar.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/kagbin-marige-mk-2.jpg
  14. ^ Knight, Kyle (14 December 2023). "Did Nepal Achieve Marriage Equality? Not Quite Yet". Human Rights Watch. Archived from the original on 20 June 2024. Retrieved 7 January 2024.
  15. ^ Dulal, Madhav (20 March 2023). "Supreme Court's historic decision, recognizing same-sex marriage (full text of the order and video)". Pahichan.
  16. ^ Sharma, Gopal. "Nepal registers first same-sex marriage; 'historic', say activists". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2023-11-29. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  17. ^ NBC NEWS (29 November 2023). "LGBTQ couple in Nepal becomes the 1st to receive official same-sex marriage status". NBC News. Archived from the original on 29 November 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  18. ^ "LGBTQ+ rights in Asia: Progress and setbacks in 2023". Gay Times. 19 December 2023. Archived from the original on 24 December 2023. Retrieved 24 December 2023.
  19. ^ "In groundbreaking move, Nepal registers first lesbian marriage". Pahichan. 13 February 2024. Archived from the original on 15 February 2024. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
  20. ^ Sharma, Bhadra (2015-09-16). "Assembly in Nepal Approves New Constitution". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2019-06-30. Retrieved 2015-09-17.
  21. ^ "Nepal lawmakers approve first LGBTI protections in new constitution - Gay Star News". 2015-09-15. Archived from the original on 2019-12-13. Retrieved 2015-09-17.
  22. ^ Ghimire, Binod (3 December 2023). "How court laid the ground for same-sex marriage in Nepal". Kathmandu Post. Archived from the original on 7 January 2024. Retrieved 7 January 2024.

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