Back سيليجيلين Arabic سلژیلین AZB Selegilin Welsh Selegilin German Selegilina Spanish سلژیلین Persian Selegiliini Finnish Sélégiline French סלג'ילין HE Szelegilin Hungarian

Selegiline

Selegiline
Clinical data
Pronunciation/səˈlɛdʒɪliːn/ sə-LEJ-i-leen ("seh-LEH-ji-leen")[1][2]
Trade namesEldepryl, Jumex, Zelapar, Emsam, others[3]
Other namesL-Deprenyl; (R)-(–)-N,α-Dimethyl-N-2-propynylphenethylamine; (R)-(–)-N-Methyl-N-2-propynylamphetamine; (R)-(–)-N-2-Propynylmethamphetamine
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa697046
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B2
Routes of
administration		• Oral (tablet, capsule)[4][5]
• Buccal (ODTTooltip orally disintegrating tablet)[6][7]
• Transdermal (patch)[8][9]
Drug classMonoamine oxidase inhibitor; Catecholaminergic activity enhancer; Norepinephrine releasing agent; Antiparkinsonian; Antidepressant; Neuroprotective
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
BioavailabilityOral: 4–10%[5][11][12]
ODT: ~5–8× oral[13][7][14]
Patch: 75%[9]
Protein binding85–90%[9][8][6]
MetabolismLiver, other tissues (CYP2B6, CYP2C19, others)[5][18][9][19]
Metabolites• Desmethylselegiline (DMS)
• Levomethamphetamine (L-MA)
• Levoamphetamine (L-A)
Elimination half-lifeOral:
• S (single): 1.2–3.5 h[5]
• S (multi): 7.7–9.7 h[5][12]
• DMS (single): 2.2–3.8 h[5]
• DMS (multi): 9.5 h[5]
• L-MA: 14–21 h[5][7]
• L-A: 16–18 h[5][7]
ODT:
• S (single): 1.3 h[6]
• S (multi): 10 h[6]
Patch:
• S: 20 h[12][8]
ExcretionUrine (87%):[15][16][7][5][17]
• L-MA: 20–63%
• L-A: 9–26%
• DMS: 1%
• S: 0.01–0.03%
Feces: 15%[15][7]
Identifiers
  • (R)-N-methyl-N-(1-phenylpropan-2-yl)prop-3-yn-1-amine
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.109.269 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC13H17N
Molar mass187.286 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
ChiralityLevorotatory enantiomer
  • C#CCN([C@@H](Cc1ccccc1)C)C
  • InChI=1S/C13H17N/c1-4-10-14(3)12(2)11-13-8-6-5-7-9-13/h1,5-9,12H,10-11H2,2-3H3/t12-/m1/s1 checkY
  • Key:MEZLKOACVSPNER-GFCCVEGCSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Selegiline, also known as L-deprenyl and sold under the brand names Eldepryl, Zelapar, and Emsam among others, is a medication which is used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and major depressive disorder.[4][6][8][3] It has also been studied for a variety of other indications, but has not been formally approved for any other use.[20][21] The medication in the form licensed for depression has modest effectiveness for this condition that is similar to that of other antidepressants.[21][22][23] Selegiline is provided as a swallowed tablet or capsule[4][5] or an orally disintegrating tablet (ODT)[6][7] for Parkinson's disease and as a patch applied to skin for depression.[8][9]

Side effects of selegiline occurring more often than with placebo include insomnia, dry mouth, dizziness, nervousness, abnormal dreams, and application site reactions with the patch form, among others.[21][22][24][4][8] At high doses, selegiline has the potential for dangerous food and drug interactions, such as the tyramine-related "cheese reaction" or hypertensive crisis and risk of serotonin syndrome.[9][25][5] However, doses within the approved clinical range appear to have little to no risk of these interactions.[9][25][5] In addition, the ODT and transdermal patch forms of selegiline have reduced risks of such interactions compared to the conventional oral form.[7][9] Selegiline has no known misuse potential or dependence liability and is not a controlled substance.[26][27][28][29][8]

Selegiline acts as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) and thereby increases levels of monoamine neurotransmitters in the brain.[30][11][25][5] At typical clinical doses used for Parkinson's disease, selegiline is a selective and irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), increasing brain levels of dopamine.[30][11][25][5] At higher doses, it loses its specificity for MAO-B and also inhibits monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), which increases serotonin and norepinephrine levels in the brain as well.[30][11][25][5] In addition to its MAOI activity, selegiline is a catecholaminergic activity enhancer (CAE) and enhances the impulse-mediated release of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain.[31][32][33][34][25] This action may be mediated by TAAR1 agonism.[35][36][37] Selegiline is also a prodrug of levomethamphetamine and levoamphetamine in small amounts, which act as norepinephrine releasing agents (NRAs) and might be involved in its effects and side effects as well.[38][28][39] The levels of these metabolites are much lower with the ODT and transdermal patch forms of selegiline.[7][9] Chemically, selegiline is a substituted amphetamine,[40] a derivative of methamphetamine,[40] and the purified levorotatory enantiomer of deprenyl (the racemic form).[41][20]

Deprenyl was discovered and studied in the early 1960s.[41][20] Subsequently, selegiline was purified from deprenyl and was studied and developed itself.[41] Selegiline was first introduced for medical use in Hungary in 1977.[42] It was subsequently approved in the United Kingdom in 1982 and in the United States in 1989.[42][43] The ODT was approved in the United States in 2006 and in the European Union in 2010, while the patch was introduced in the United States in 2006.[42][20] Selegiline was the first selective MAO-B inhibitor to be discovered and marketed.[13][44][45] In addition to its medical use, there has been interest in selegiline as a potential anti-aging drug and nootropic.[46] However, effects of this sort are controversial and uncertain.[47][48][49][50] Generic versions of selegiline are available in the case of the conventional oral form but not in the case of the ODT or transdermal patch forms.[51][52]

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference Parkinsons.org2018 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference Acosta2020 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ a b "Selegiline". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on July 3, 2024. Retrieved February 7, 2016.
  4. ^ a b c d Cite error: The named reference PillLabel was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Cite error: The named reference Mahmood1997 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ a b c d e f Cite error: The named reference ODTLabel was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i Cite error: The named reference PostonWaters2007 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ a b c d e f g "EMSAM® (Selegiline Transdermal System) Label" (PDF). Food and Drug Administration. July 2017. Retrieved July 2, 2024.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i Cite error: The named reference LeeChen2007 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ Anvisa (March 31, 2023). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published April 4, 2023). Archived from the original on August 3, 2023. Retrieved August 16, 2023.
  11. ^ a b c d Cite error: The named reference Magyar2011 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ a b c Pae CU, Lim HK, Han C, Neena A, Lee C, Patkar AA (August 2007). "Selegiline transdermal system: current awareness and promise". Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 31 (6): 1153–1163. doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.04.020. PMID 17614182.
  13. ^ a b Löhle M, Storch A (November 2008). "Orally disintegrating selegiline for the treatment of Parkinson's disease". Expert Opin Pharmacother. 9 (16): 2881–2891. doi:10.1517/14656566.9.16.2881. PMID 18937619.
  14. ^ Cite error: The named reference ClarkeBrewerJohnson2003 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  15. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference HeinonenAnttilaLammintausta1994 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  16. ^ Cite error: The named reference HeinonenMyllyläSotaniemi1989 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  17. ^ Cite error: The named reference ChrispMammenSorkin1991 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  18. ^ Cite error: The named reference Rodrigues2022 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  19. ^ Cite error: The named reference HidestrandOscarsonSalonen2001 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  20. ^ a b c d Cite error: The named reference Miklya2016 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  21. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference RossanoCaiazzaSobrino2023 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  22. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference CitromeGoldbergPortland2013 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  23. ^ Cite error: The named reference CiprianiFurukawaSalanti2018 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  24. ^ Cite error: The named reference RobinsonAmsterdam2008 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  25. ^ a b c d e f Cite error: The named reference GerlachYoudimRiederer1996 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  26. ^ Cite error: The named reference FinbergRabey2016 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  27. ^ Cite error: The named reference FabbriniAbbruzzeseMarconi2012 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  28. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference YasarGoldbergGoldberg1996 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  29. ^ Cite error: The named reference NickelSzelenyiSchulze1994 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  30. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference HeinonenLammintausta1991 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  31. ^ Cite error: The named reference Knoll1997 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  32. ^ Cite error: The named reference Knoll1998 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  33. ^ Cite error: The named reference Miklya2014a was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  34. ^ Cite error: The named reference GasznerMiklya2006 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  35. ^ Cite error: The named reference HarsingTimarMiklya2023 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  36. ^ Cite error: The named reference ShimazuMiklya2004 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  37. ^ Cite error: The named reference Berry2007 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  38. ^ Cite error: The named reference GerlachReichmannRiederer2012 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  39. ^ Cite error: The named reference RothmanBaumann2003 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  40. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference KraemerMaurer2002 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  41. ^ a b c Parnham MJ (1993). "The History of l-Deprenyl". Inhibitors of Monoamine Oxidase B: Pharmacology and Clinical Use in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Milestones in Drug Therapy. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel. pp. 237–251. doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-6348-3_12. ISBN 978-3-0348-6349-0.
  42. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference TábiVécseiYoudim2020 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  43. ^ Cite error: The named reference MylanHist2011 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  44. ^ Cite error: The named reference HoffmanOlsonSchoffstall2023 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  45. ^ Cite error: The named reference Golbe1988 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  46. ^ Cite error: The named reference SchneiderTariotGoldstein1994 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  47. ^ Cite error: The named reference SchifanoCatalaniSharif2022 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  48. ^ Blazer DG, Yaffe K, Liverman CT (July 21, 2015). Risk and Protective Factors and Interventions: General Cognitive Aging Interventions and Next Steps. National Academies Press (US). Retrieved July 5, 2024.
  49. ^ Brown RP, Gerbarg PL (2008). Muskin PR (ed.). "Integrative Psychopharmacology: A Practical Approach to Herbs and Nutrients in Psychiatry". Review of Psychiatry. Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Psychiatry. 19 (1). American Psychiatric Publishing: 1–66 (39). ISBN 978-1-58562-827-8. Retrieved July 5, 2024.
  50. ^ Cite error: The named reference Finberg2019 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  51. ^ Cite error: The named reference Drugs@FDA was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  52. ^ Cite error: The named reference AsnisHenderson2014 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

Rich TVX News Network Site

Rich TVX News Network Info

© MMXXIII Rich X Search. We shall prevail. All rights reserved. Rich X Search