Siege of Antwerp (1914)

Siege of Antwerp
Part of the Western Front of the First World War
Belgian artillery positions around Antwerp
Date 28 September – 10 October 1914 (1 week and 5 days) Location Antwerp, Belgium 51°13′N 04°24′E / 51.217°N 4.400°E / 51.217; 4.400 Result German victory Territorial changes City captured with garrison Belgian army withdraws west to Yser river
Belligerents
German Empire  Austria-Hungary	Belgium  United Kingdom
Commanders and leaders
Hans von Beseler	Albert I Victor Deguise (POW) Henry Rawlinson Archibald Paris
Strength
66,000 (during main assault)	87,300 field troops 63,000 garrison troops
Casualties and losses
	Belgium: 33,000 interned in the Netherlands 30,000 captured Britain: 57 killed 1,480 interned 900 captured

The siege of Antwerp (Dutch: Beleg van Antwerpen, French: Siège d'Anvers, German: Belagerung von Antwerpen) was an engagement between the German and the Belgian, British and French armies around the fortified city of Antwerp during World War I. German troops besieged a garrison of Belgian fortress troops, the Belgian field army and the British Royal Naval Division in the Antwerp area, after the German invasion of Belgium in August 1914. The city, which was ringed by forts known as the National Redoubt, was besieged to the south and east by German forces.

The Belgian forces in Antwerp conducted three sorties in late September and early October, which interrupted German plans to send troops to France, where reinforcements were needed to counter the French armies and the British Expeditionary Force (BEF). A German bombardment of the Belgian fortifications with heavy and super-heavy artillery began on 28 September. The Belgian garrison had no hope of victory without relief; despite the arrival of the Royal Naval Division beginning on 3 October, the Germans penetrated the outer ring of forts. When the German advance began to compress a corridor from the west of the city along the Dutch border to the coast, through which the Belgians at Antwerp had maintained contact with the rest of unoccupied Belgium, the Belgian Field Army commenced a withdrawal westwards towards the coast.

On 9 October, the remaining garrison surrendered, the Germans occupied the city and some British and Belgian troops escaped to the Netherlands to the north and were interned for the duration of the war. Belgian troops from Antwerp withdrew to the Yser river, close to the French border and dug in, to begin the defence of the last unoccupied part of Belgium and fought the Battle of the Yser against the German 4th Army in October and November 1914. The Belgian Army held the area until late in 1918, when it participated in the Allied liberation of Belgium.^[a]
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