Sodium nitrate

Sodium nitrate
Names
	IUPAC name Sodium nitrate
	Other names Peru saltpeter; Soda niter; cubic niter
Identifiers
CAS Number	7631-99-4 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1644698 ;
ChemSpider	22688 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.686
EC Number	231-554-3;
E number	E251 (preservatives)
PubChem CID	24268;
RTECS number	WC5600000;
UNII	8M4L3H2ZVZ ;
UN number	1498
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6020937 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/NO3.Na/c2-1(3)4;/q-1;+1 Key: VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/NO3.Na/c2-1(3)4;/q-1;+1 Key: VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYAL;
	SMILES [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O;
Properties
Chemical formula	NaNO3
Molar mass	84.9947 g/mol
Appearance	White powder or colorless crystals
Odor	sweet
Density	2.257 g/cm3, solid
Melting point	308 °C (586 °F; 581 K)
Boiling point	380 °C (716 °F; 653 K) decomposes
Solubility in water	73 g/100 g water (0 °C) ; 91.2 g/100 g water (25 °C); 180 g/100 g water (100 °C)
Solubility	very soluble in ammonia, hydrazine ; soluble in alcohol; slightly soluble in pyridine ; insoluble in acetone
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−25.6·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.587 (trigonal) ; 1.336 (rhombohedral)
Viscosity	2.85 cP (317 °C)
Structure
Crystal structure	trigonal and rhombohedral
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	93.05 J/(mol K)
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	116 J/(mol K)
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−467 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵)	−365.9 kJ/mol
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Harmful (Xn); Oxidant (O)
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 0 0 OX
Flash point	Non-flammable
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	3236 mg/kg
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0185
Related compounds
Other anions	Sodium nitrite
Other cations	Lithium nitrate; Potassium nitrate; Rubidium nitrate; Caesium nitrate
Related compounds	Sodium sulfate; Sodium chloride
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Sodium nitrate is the chemical compound with the formula Na N O
₃. This alkali metal nitrate salt is also known as Chile saltpeter (large deposits of which were historically mined in Chile)^[4]^[5] to distinguish it from ordinary saltpeter, potassium nitrate. The mineral form is also known as nitratine, nitratite or soda niter.

Sodium nitrate is a white deliquescent solid very soluble in water. It is a readily available source of the nitrate anion (NO₃⁻), which is useful in several reactions carried out on industrial scales for the production of fertilizers, pyrotechnics, smoke bombs and other explosives, glass and pottery enamels, food preservatives (esp. meats), and solid rocket propellant. It has been mined extensively for these purposes.

^ Haynes, William M. (2016-06-22). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4987-5429-3.
^ "Sodium nitrate". PubChem. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
^ ^a ^b Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles 6th Ed. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. A23. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7.
^ "The Nitrate Towns of Chile". Atlas Obscura. Retrieved 27 May 2019.
^ Mutic, Anja (26 October 2012). "The ghost towns of northern Chile". Washington Post. Retrieved 27 May 2019.

[Haynes2016-1] Haynes, William M. (2016-06-22). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4987-5429-3.

[pubchem-2] "Sodium nitrate". PubChem. Retrieved 11 June 2021.

[b1-3] Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles 6th Ed. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. A23. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7.

[nitrate_towns-4] "The Nitrate Towns of Chile". Atlas Obscura. Retrieved 27 May 2019.

[ghost_towns-5] Mutic, Anja (26 October 2012). "The ghost towns of northern Chile". Washington Post. Retrieved 27 May 2019.

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