Syndromic autism

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Syndromic autism (or syndromic autism spectrum disorder) denotes cases of autism spectrum disorder that are associated with a broader medical condition, generally a syndrome. Cases without such association, which account for the majority of total autism cases, are known as non-syndromic autism (or non-syndromic autism spectrum disorder).

Studying the differences and similarities (e.g., common pathways) between syndromic and non-syndromic cases can provide insights about the pathophysiology of autism and pave the way to new autism therapies.^[1][2][3][4]

Syndromic autism represents about 25% of the total ASD cases.^[4][5] In most cases, its etiology is known.^[2][4] Monogenic disorders are one of the causes of syndromic autism, which in this case are also known as monogenic autism spectrum disorders. They account for about 5% of the total ASD cases.^{[citation needed]}