| Taney Court | |
|---|---|
 | |
| March 28, 1836 – October 12, 1864 (28 years, 198 days) | |
| Seat | Old Supreme Court Chamber (1836–1860) Old Senate Chamber (1860–1864) Washington, D.C. |
| No. of positions | 7 (1836–1837) 9 (1837–1863) 10 (1863–1864) |
| Taney Court decisions | |
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The Taney Court refers to the Supreme Court of the United States from 1836 to 1864, when Roger Taney served as the fifth Chief Justice of the United States. Taney succeeded John Marshall as Chief Justice after Marshall's death in 1835. Taney served as Chief Justice until his death in 1864, at which point Salmon P. Chase took office. Taney had been an important member of Andrew Jackson's administration, an advocate of Jacksonian democracy, and had played a major role in the Bank War, during which Taney wrote a memo questioning the Supreme Court's power of judicial review.[1] However, the Taney Court did not strongly break from the decisions and precedents of the Marshall Court, as it continued to uphold a strong federal government with an independent judiciary.[2] Most of the Taney Court's holdings are overshadowed by the decision in Dred Scott v. Sandford, in which the court ruled that African-Americans could not be citizens.[3] However, the Taney Court's decisions regarding economic issues and separation of powers set important precedents, and the Taney Court has been lauded for its ability to adapt regulatory law to a country undergoing remarkable technological and economic progress.[4]
- ^ Schwartz, Bernard (1993). A History of the Supreme Court. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 71–72.
- ^ Schwartz, 73-74
- ^ "Roger Taney". The Supreme Court. PBS. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
- ^ Huebner, Timothy S. (2003). The Taney Court: Justices, Rulings, and Legacy. ABC-CLIO. pp. 175–176, 185–186. ISBN 9781576073681. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
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