Tatra KT4

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Tatra KT4
KT4SU in Lviv
Manufacturer	ČKD Tatra
Constructed	1977–97
Number built	1,747
Capacity	26–38 (Seated) 105–168 (Standing)
Specifications
Train length	18,100 mm (59 ft 4+5⁄8 in)
Width	2,200 mm (7 ft 2+5⁄8 in)
Height	3,100 mm (10 ft 2 in)
Doors	4
Articulated sections	1
Maximum speed	65 km/h (40 mph)
Weight	19.9 tonnes (19.6 long tons; 21.9 short tons)
Traction motors	4 x 40 kW (54 hp)
Current collector(s)	Pantograph
Bogies	2
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge, 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge

Tatra KT4 is the name of a four-axle type articulated tramcar developed by the Czech firm ČKD Tatra. The first pre-production vehicles entered service in Potsdam in 1975, with the first production vehicles in 1977. A total of 1,747 units were built, with initial deliveries to East Germany (DDR) and later to the USSR and SFR Yugoslavia. KT4 variants were built for both standard gauge and metre gauge tramways. Production of the KT4 tramcar was halted in 1991 due to worldwide economic and political changes at the time. Production was briefly resumed in 1997 to construct the last 20 units for Belgrade, Serbia.

Since the start of the 1990s, many of the earliest production tramcars have gone through extensive refurbishment and rebuilding, including the replacement of folding doors and the installation of low-floor center sections.

The design of the tram, being without a bogie over the joint necessitates a scissor joint connecting both bogies such that the center of mass does not shift catastrophically, especially when turning.^[1]