Terrorism in France

Terrorism in France
	Part of the Opération Sentinelle, War on terror, Islamic terrorism in Europe
	; Site of the 2016 Nice truck attack, the following day.
Date	15 September 1958 – present
Location	France
Status	Ongoing Opération Sentinelle, French military-led domestic counter-terrorism operation.; French military intervention in Syria, Mali and Niger, with jihadists as primary target.;
Belligerents
Government of France French Armed Forces French Army; French Navy; French Air and Space Force; National Gendarmerie; National Guard; ; Minister of the Interior Law enforcement in France; National Police; ; Ministry of Foreign Affairs; National Defense;	Islamic State Military of IS; Libyan Provinces; Wilayat al-Jazair; Greater Sahara Province; Uqba ibn Nafi Brigade; IS-GS; ISWAP; Al-Qaeda European militias Al-Qaeda; Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula; al-Qaeda in the Indian subcontinent; al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb; Al-Shabaab; Hurras al-Din; Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin; Boko Haram; Al-Mourabitoun; Ansar Dine; Movement for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa; Ansaru; Jihadism (Islamic terrorism) and Antisemitism National Liberation Front; Organisation armée secrète; Charles Martel Group; Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine; Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia; Abu Nidal Organization; Hezbollah; Islamic Jihad Organization; Action Directe; Lebanese Armed Revolutionary Factions; French and European Nationalist Party; Armed Islamic Group of Algeria; Afghan Revolutionary Front;
Commanders and leaders
Emmanuel Macron ; (President 2017–present); Élisabeth Borne ; (Prime Minister 2022–present); Gérald Darmanin ; (Minister of the Interior 2020–present); Sébastien Lecornu ; (Minister of the Armed Forces 2022–present); Thierry Burkhard ; (Chief of the Defence Staff 2021–present); Pierre Schill ; (Chief of the Army Staff 2021–present); Pierre Vandier ; (Chief of the Naval Staff 2020–present); Stéphane Mille ; (Chief of the Air and Space Force Staff 2021–present) Former Charles de Gaulle ; Georges Pompidou ; Alain Poher ; Valéry Giscard d'Estaing ; François Mitterrand ; Jacques Chirac ; Nicolas Sarkozy ; François Hollande ; Michel Debré ; Maurice Couve de Murville ; Jacques Chaban-Delmas ; Pierre Messmer ; Raymond Barre ; Pierre Mauroy ; Laurent Fabius ; Michel Rocard ; Édith Cresson ; Pierre Bérégovoy ; Édouard Balladur ; Alain Juppé ; Lionel Jospin ; Jean-Pierre Raffarin ; Dominique de Villepin ; François Fillon ; Jean-Marc Ayrault ; Manuel Valls ; Bernard Cazeneuve ; Édouard Philippe ; Jean Castex ; Bruno Le Roux ; Matthias Fekl ; Gérard Collomb ; Christophe Castaner ; Jean-Yves Le Drian ; Sylvie Goulard ; Florence Parly ; Pierre de Villiers ; François Lecointre ; Jean-Pierre Bosser ; Thierry Burkhard ; Bernard Rogel ; Christophe Prazuck ; Denis Mercier ; André Lanata ; Philippe Lavigne ;	Unknown
Strength
Unknown	ISIL: 200,000 in Iraq and Syria (claim by Iraqi Kurdistan Chief of Staff) ; 28,600–31,600 in Iraq and Syria (Defense Department estimate) ; 35,000–100,000 (State Department estimate) ; 1,500+ in Egypt ; 6,500–10,000 in Libya ; 7,000–10,000 in Nigeria ; 1,000–3,000 in Afghanistan ; At least 400 in the Philippines and Malaysia ; Up to 600 tanks ;
Casualties and losses
Unknown	Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant: 80,000+ killed and 33,000+ targets destroyed or damaged in the American-led intervention in Iraq and Syria; 1,500–2,500 killed in Libya; 974 killed in Philippines; 300 killed in Afghanistan; 1,000+ killed in Egypt; ;
	Unknown

Terrorism in France refers to the terrorist attacks that have targeted the country and its population during the 20th and 21st centuries. Terrorism, in this case is much related to the country's history, international affairs and political approach. Legislation has been set up by lawmakers to fight terrorism in France.

CBC News reported in December 2018 that the number of people killed in terrorist attacks in France since 2015 was 249, with the number of wounded at 928.^[18] Within the European Union, France is the most affected country with recent data showcasing a total of 82 Islamist attacks and 332 deaths from 1979 to 2021.^[19]

^ "ISIS militants have army of 200,000, claims senior Kurdish leader". ElBalad. Archived from the original on 20 November 2014. Retrieved 16 November 2014.
^ "Operation Inherent Resolve and other overseas contigency operations" (PDF). media.defense.gov. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
^ "Briefing With Special Representative for Syria Engagement and Special Envoy for the Global Coalition To Defeat ISIS Ambassador James Jeffrey". state.gov. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
^ "U.S. Bombing in Libya Reveals Limits of Strategy Against ISIS". The New York Times. 20 February 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2016.
^ "How Big Is Boko Haram?". 2 February 2015. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
^ "Islamic State group loyalists eye a presence in Afghanistan". Associated Press. 8 September 2015. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
^ "US 'tracking closely' ISIL threat in Afghanistan". Al Jazeera. 18 December 2015.
^ "U.S.-led forces drop nearly 5,000 bombs on ISIS". Al Arabiya. 8 January 2015. Retrieved 8 January 2015.
^ "Fears of massacre as Isis tanks lead assault on Kurdish bastion". The Times. 4 October 2014.
^ "Once promised paradise, ISIS fighters end up in mass graves". The Straits Times. 15 October 2017. Retrieved 11 December 2017.
^ "The Global Coalition – Working To Defeat ISIS". US Department of State. 6 February 2019. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
^ "SpecOps Commander: 60,000 ISIS Fighters Killed by US Troops". military.com. 14 February 2017.
^ "Al-Ghasri: 2500 IS radicals were killed in Sirte battle". Libya Observer. 19 December 2016. Retrieved 11 November 2016.
^ "U.S. says 300 Islamic State fighters killed in Afghan operation". Reuters. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
^ Stephen, Chris; Malsin, Jared (17 February 2015). "Egyptian air strikes in Libya kill dozens of Isis militants". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 February 2015.
^ "SIRTE, Libya: Islamic State fighting in Libya's Sirte claims at least 19 lives – Middle East – McClatchy DC". McClatchy DC. Archived from the original on 23 June 2015. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
^ "US jets target senior IS leader in attack on Libya camp". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 14 April 2016.
^ Jonathon Gatehouse (12 December 2018). "By the numbers: France's battle against terror". CBC News. Retrieved 23 December 2018.
^ "Islamist Terrorist Attacks in the World 1979-2021". Fondapol. Retrieved 7 November 2021.

[el-balad.com1-1] "ISIS militants have army of 200,000, claims senior Kurdish leader". ElBalad. Archived from the original on 20 November 2014. Retrieved 16 November 2014.

[2] "Operation Inherent Resolve and other overseas contigency operations" (PDF). media.defense.gov. Retrieved 11 May 2019.

[3] "Briefing With Special Representative for Syria Engagement and Special Envoy for the Global Coalition To Defeat ISIS Ambassador James Jeffrey". state.gov. Retrieved 11 May 2019.

[limits-4] "U.S. Bombing in Libya Reveals Limits of Strategy Against ISIS". The New York Times. 20 February 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2016.

[5] "How Big Is Boko Haram?". 2 February 2015. Retrieved 2 February 2015.

[6] "Islamic State group loyalists eye a presence in Afghanistan". Associated Press. 8 September 2015. Retrieved 30 September 2015.

[7] "US 'tracking closely' ISIL threat in Afghanistan". Al Jazeera. 18 December 2015.

[nearly_5,000_bombs_dropped_on_ISIL-8] "U.S.-led forces drop nearly 5,000 bombs on ISIS". Al Arabiya. 8 January 2015. Retrieved 8 January 2015.

[9] "Fears of massacre as Isis tanks lead assault on Kurdish bastion". The Times. 4 October 2014.

[once_promised-10] "Once promised paradise, ISIS fighters end up in mass graves". The Straits Times. 15 October 2017. Retrieved 11 December 2017.

[Airstrikes_in_Iraq_and_Syria-11] "The Global Coalition – Working To Defeat ISIS". US Department of State. 6 February 2019. Retrieved 11 May 2019.

[12] "SpecOps Commander: 60,000 ISIS Fighters Killed by US Troops". military.com. 14 February 2017.

[13] "Al-Ghasri: 2500 IS radicals were killed in Sirte battle". Libya Observer. 19 December 2016. Retrieved 11 November 2016.

[14] "U.S. says 300 Islamic State fighters killed in Afghan operation". Reuters. Retrieved 10 August 2016.

[Egyptianair-15] Stephen, Chris; Malsin, Jared (17 February 2015). "Egyptian air strikes in Libya kill dozens of Isis militants". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 February 2015.

[16] "SIRTE, Libya: Islamic State fighting in Libya's Sirte claims at least 19 lives – Middle East – McClatchy DC". McClatchy DC. Archived from the original on 23 June 2015. Retrieved 23 June 2015.

[17] "US jets target senior IS leader in attack on Libya camp". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 14 April 2016.

[18] Jonathon Gatehouse (12 December 2018). "By the numbers: France's battle against terror". CBC News. Retrieved 23 December 2018.

[19] "Islamist Terrorist Attacks in the World 1979-2021". Fondapol. Retrieved 7 November 2021.

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