The medium is the message

"The medium is the message" is a phrase coined by the Canadian communication theorist Marshall McLuhan and the name of the first chapter^[1] in his Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man, published in 1964.^[2]^[3] McLuhan proposes that a communication medium itself, not the messages it carries, should be the primary focus of study. He showed that artifacts such as media affect any society by their characteristics, or content.^[4]

^ McLuhan, Marshall (1964). Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man. ISBN 81-14-67535-7.
^ Beynon-Davies, Paul (2011). "Communication: The medium is not the message". Significance. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 58–76. doi:10.1057/9780230295025_4. ISBN 978-1-349-32470-5.
^ Originally published in 1964 by Mentor, New York; reissued 1994, MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts with an introduction by Lewis Lapham
^ Euchner, Jim (2016-08-26). "The Medium is the Message". Research-Technology Management. 59 (5). Informa UK Limited: 9–11. doi:10.1080/08956308.2016.1209068. ISSN 0895-6308.

[1] McLuhan, Marshall (1964). Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man. ISBN 81-14-67535-7.

[2] Beynon-Davies, Paul (2011). "Communication: The medium is not the message". Significance. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 58–76. doi:10.1057/9780230295025_4. ISBN 978-1-349-32470-5.

[:0-3] Originally published in 1964 by Mentor, New York; reissued 1994, MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts with an introduction by Lewis Lapham

[4] Euchner, Jim (2016-08-26). "The Medium is the Message". Research-Technology Management. 59 (5). Informa UK Limited: 9–11. doi:10.1080/08956308.2016.1209068. ISSN 0895-6308.

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