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Thomas Sowell (/soʊl/ SOHL; born June 30, 1930) is an American economist, economic historian, and social and political commentator. He is a senior fellow at the Hoover Institution.[1][2] With widely published commentary and books—and as a guest on TV and radio—he is a well-known voice in the American conservative movement as a prominent black conservative.[3][4][5] He was a recipient of the National Humanities Medal from President George W. Bush in 2002.[6][a]
Sowell was born in Gastonia, North Carolina, and grew up in Harlem, New York City. Due to poverty and difficulties at home, he dropped out of Stuyvesant High School and worked various odd jobs, eventually serving in the United States Marine Corps during the Korean War. Afterward, he graduated magna cum laude from Harvard University in 1958.[7] He earned a master's degree in economics from Columbia University the next year, and a PhD in economics from the University of Chicago in 1968.[8] In his academic career, he held professorships at Cornell University, Brandeis University, and the University of California, Los Angeles. He has also worked at think tanks, including the Urban Institute. Since 1977, he has worked at the Hoover Institution at Stanford University, where he is the Rose and Milton Friedman Senior Fellow on Public Policy.
Sowell was an important figure to the conservative movement during the Reagan era, influencing fellow economist Walter E. Williams and U.S. Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas.[3][9][10] He was offered a position as Federal Trade Commissioner in the Ford administration[11] and was considered for posts including U.S. Secretary of Education in the Reagan administration,[12] but declined both times.[11][13]
Sowell is the author of more than 45 books (including revised and new editions) on a variety of subjects, including politics, economics, education, and race, and he has been a syndicated columnist in more than 150 newspapers.[14][15] His views are described as conservative, especially on social issues;[4][16][17][18] libertarian, especially on economics;[16][19][20] or libertarian-conservative.[21] He has said he may be best labeled as a libertarian, though he disagrees with the "libertarian movement" on some issues, such as national defense.[22]
- ^ "Thomas Sowell". Hoover Institution. Archived from the original on May 16, 2014. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
He writes on economics, history, social policy, ethnicity, and the history of ideas.
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Early-2018was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Dillard-2001was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Wiltz, Teresa (February 28, 2003). "Bush Honors Eight From the Humanities". The Washington Post.
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Graglia-2001was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Ondaatje 2010, pp. 30–31.
- ^ Williams, Walter E. (2010). Up from the projects : an autobiography. Stanford, California: Hoover Institution Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-1256-7. OCLC 821216878. Archived from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved August 7, 2022.
- ^ Robin, Corey (2019). The enigma of Clarence Thomas (First ed.). New York City. ISBN 978-1-62779-384-1. OCLC 1121044511.
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Rose-1995was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Thomas Sowell". The National Endowment for the Humanities. Archived from the original on August 17, 2022. Retrieved June 9, 2022.
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Pearlstein-2015was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Younkins, Edward W. (2002). Capitalism and Commerce: Conceptual Foundations of Free Enterprise. Lexington Books. p. 318. ISBN 978-0-7391-5280-5. Archived from the original on September 6, 2022. Retrieved September 6, 2022.
- ^ Zwolinski, Matt; Ferguson, Benjamin (2022). The Routledge Companion to Libertarianism. Routledge. p. 248. ISBN 978-1-00-056922-3. Archived from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
- ^ Harvey, Robert S.; Gonzowitz, Susan (2022). Teaching as Protest: Emancipating Classrooms Through Racial Consciousness. Routledge. p. 34. ISBN 978-1-00-054060-4. Archived from the original on September 6, 2022. Retrieved September 6, 2022.
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