Toyota Celica

Toyota Celica
2004 Toyota Celica GT-S with Action Package body kit (ZZT231, USA)
Overview
Manufacturer	Toyota
Production	December 1970[1] – April 2006[2]
Model years	1971–2006
Assembly	Japan: Toyota, Aichi (Tsutsumi plant); Tahara, Aichi (Tahara plant); Susono, Shizuoka (Higashi-Fuji plant)
Body and chassis
Class	Sports car
Body style	2-door notchback coupé (1970–1999) 3-door liftback coupé (1973–2006) 2-door convertible (1981–1999)
Layout	Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive (1970–1985) Front-engine, front-wheel-drive (1985–2006) Front-engine, four-wheel-drive (GT-Four, 1986–1999)

The Toyota Celica (/ˈsɛlɪkə/ or /sɛˈliːkə/) (Japanese: トヨタ・セリカ, Hepburn: Toyota Serika) is an automobile produced by Toyota from 1970 until 2006. The Celica name derives from the Latin word coelica meaning heavenly or celestial.^[3] In Japan, the Celica was exclusive to the Toyota Corolla Store dealer chain. Produced across seven generations, the Celica was powered by various four-cylinder engines, and bodystyles included convertibles, liftbacks, coupés and notchback coupés.

In 1973, Toyota coined the term liftback to describe the Celica fastback hatchback, and used the name Liftback GT for the North American market.^[4][5][6] Like the Ford Mustang, the Celica concept was to attach a coupe body to the chassis and mechanicals from a high volume sedan, in this case the Toyota Carina.^[7] Some journalists thought it was based on the Corona due to some shared mechanical parts.^[6]

The first three generations of North American market Celicas were powered by variants of Toyota's R series engine. In August 1985, the car's drive layout was changed from rear-wheel drive to front-wheel drive, and all-wheel drive turbocharged models were offered from 1986 to 1999. Variable valve timing came in certain Japanese models starting from December 1997 and became standard in all models from the 2000 model year. In 1986, the six-cylinder Celica Supra variant was spun off as a separate model, becoming simply the Supra. Lightly altered versions of the Celica were also sold through as the Corona Coupé through the Toyopet dealer network in the 1980s and as the Toyota Curren through the Vista network in the 1990s.

The Toyota Celica Liftback GT won Motor Trend Car of the Year (Imported Vehicle) in 1976.