Trees in mythology

The Bodhi Tree of Bodh Gaya is believed to be the *Ficus religiosa* under which Gautama Buddha attained enlightenment. It is worshipped by Buddhists. The sacred fig is also venerated in Hinduism and Jainism.

Trees are significant in many of the world's mythologies, and have been given deep and sacred meanings throughout the ages. Human beings, observing the growth and death of trees, and the annual death and revival of their foliage,^[1]^[2] have often seen them as powerful symbols of growth, death and rebirth. Evergreen trees, which largely stay green throughout these cycles, are sometimes considered symbols of the eternal, immortality or fertility. The image of the Tree of life or world tree occurs in many mythologies.^[3]

Examples include the banyan and the sacred fig (Ficus religiosa) in Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism, the tree of the knowledge of good and evil of Judaism and Christianity. In folk religion and folklore, trees are often said to be the homes of tree spirits. Germanic mythology as well as Celtic polytheism both appear to have involved cultic practice in sacred groves, especially grove of oak.^{[citation needed]} The term druid itself possibly derives from the Celtic word for oak. The Egyptian Book of the Dead mentions sycamores as part of the scenery where the soul of the deceased finds blissful repose.^[4]

The presence of trees in myth sometimes occurs in connection to the concept of the sacred tree and the sacred grove. Trees are an attribute of the archetypical locus amoenus.^[5]

^ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Cook, Stanley Arthur (1911). "Tree-Worship". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 235.
^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Teutonic Peoples" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 685.
^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Norns" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
^ Gollwitzer 1984:13.
^ "locus amoenus". Oxford Reference. Retrieved 23 June 2016.

[EB-1] One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Cook, Stanley Arthur (1911). "Tree-Worship". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 235.

[2] Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Teutonic Peoples" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 685.

[3] Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Norns" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

[4] Gollwitzer 1984:13.

[5] "locus amoenus". Oxford Reference. Retrieved 23 June 2016.

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