Triathlon

Triathlon
	The three typical components of triathlon: swimming, cycling, and running.
Highest governing body	World Triathlon
First played	1920s
Characteristics
Contact	No
Mixed-sex	Yes, separate competitions & mixed relays
Type	Endurance sport
Equipment	Triathlon equipment
Presence
Country or region	Worldwide
Olympic	2000 – present
Paralympic	Paratriathlon, 2016 – present
World Games	1989 (invitational) – 1993

A triathlon is an endurance multisport race consisting of swimming, cycling, and running over various distances.^[1] Triathletes compete for fastest overall completion time, racing each segment sequentially with the time transitioning between the disciplines included.^[1]^[2]^[3] The word is of Greek origin, from τρεῖς or treis (three) and ἆθλος or athlos (competition).^[4]

The sport originated in the late 1970s^[5] in Southern California as sports clubs and individuals developed the sport. This history has meant that variations of the sport were created and still exist. It also led to other three-stage races using the name triathlon despite not being continuous or not consisting of swim, bike, and run elements.^[6]

Triathletes train to achieve endurance, strength and speed. The sport requires focused persistent and periodised training for each of the three disciplines, as well as combination workouts and general strength conditioning.^[7]

^ ^a ^b Garrett, William E.; Kirkendall, Donald T. (2000). Exercise and sport science. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 919. ISBN 978-0-683-03421-9.
^ Mora, John (2009). Triathlon 101 (2 ed.). Human Kinetics. p. 149. ISBN 978-0-7360-7944-0.
^ Schneider, Terri (2008). Triathlon Revolution: Training, Technique, and Inspiration. The Mountaineers Books. p. 138. ISBN 978-1-59485-096-7.
^ Matlow, Jeff (Winter 2011). "Tiredathlon". USA Triathlon Life. p. 101.
^ "Triathlon | Nutrition, Gear & Race Prep | Britannica". www.britannica.com. 6 December 2023. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
^ Holland, Tom (2005). "Chapter 9: Triathlon Training". The 12-Week Triathlete: Train for a Triathlon in Just Three Months. Fair Winds. pp. 123–129. ISBN 978-1-59233-126-0.
^ Holland, Tom (2005). "Chapter 9: Triathlon Training". The 12-Week Triathlete: Train for a Triathlon in Just Three Months. Fair Winds. pp. 123–129. ISBN 978-1-59233-126-0.

[Garrett-1] Garrett, William E.; Kirkendall, Donald T. (2000). Exercise and sport science. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 919. ISBN 978-0-683-03421-9.

[Tri1012-2] Mora, John (2009). Triathlon 101 (2 ed.). Human Kinetics. p. 149. ISBN 978-0-7360-7944-0.

[TriRev2-3] Schneider, Terri (2008). Triathlon Revolution: Training, Technique, and Inspiration. The Mountaineers Books. p. 138. ISBN 978-1-59485-096-7.

[4] Matlow, Jeff (Winter 2011). "Tiredathlon". USA Triathlon Life. p. 101.

[5] "Triathlon | Nutrition, Gear & Race Prep | Britannica". www.britannica.com. 6 December 2023. Retrieved 2 February 2024.

[TwelveWeek2-6] Holland, Tom (2005). "Chapter 9: Triathlon Training". The 12-Week Triathlete: Train for a Triathlon in Just Three Months. Fair Winds. pp. 123–129. ISBN 978-1-59233-126-0.

[TwelveWeek-7] Holland, Tom (2005). "Chapter 9: Triathlon Training". The 12-Week Triathlete: Train for a Triathlon in Just Three Months. Fair Winds. pp. 123–129. ISBN 978-1-59233-126-0.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]