Tuft cell

3D image of mouse jejunum tuft cells : A free-floating cryosection was immunostained with a tuft cell marker (anti-phospho-specific antibody against Girdin tyrosine-1798; pY1798 antibody from Immuno-Biological Laboratories) following an established method (Kuga D et al. Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 65(6) 347-366, Mizutani Y et al. Journal of Visualized Experiments (133) e57475). SAMPLE: Cryosectioned free-floating DDY mouse jejunum (green: phospho-Girdin at tyrosine 1798, red: phalloidin, blue: DAPI) prepared by Iida M, Tanaka M, Asai M in Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Human Service Center (Kasugai Japan). 3D-video edited by Ito T (Nikon Instech Japan). MICROSCOPE: NIKON A1R-TiE. OBJECTIVE LENS: Plan Apo λ 60x Oil.

Tuft cells are chemosensory cells in the epithelial lining of the intestines. Similar tufted cells are found in the respiratory epithelium where they are known as brush cells.^[1] The name "tuft" refers to the brush-like microvilli projecting from the cells. Ordinarily there are very few tuft cells present but they have been shown to greatly increase at times of a parasitic infection.^[2] Several studies have proposed a role for tuft cells in defense against parasitic infection. In the intestine, tuft cells are the sole source of secreted interleukin 25 (IL-25).^[3]^[4]^[5]

ATOH1 is required for tuft cell specification but not for maintenance of a mature differentiated state, and knockdown of Notch results in increased numbers of tuft cells.^[5]

^ Gerbe F, Jay P (November 2016). "Intestinal tuft cells: epithelial sentinels linking luminal cues to the immune system" (PDF). Mucosal Immunology. 9 (6): 1353–1359. doi:10.1038/mi.2016.68. PMID 27554294.
^ Leslie M (March 28, 2019). "Closing in on a century-old mystery, scientists are figuring out what the body's 'tuft cells' do". Science. doi:10.1126/science.aax4947. S2CID 193049740.
^ Harris N (March 2016). "IMMUNOLOGY. The enigmatic tuft cell in immunity". Science. 351 (6279): 1264–5. Bibcode:2016Sci...351.1264H. doi:10.1126/science.aaf5215. PMID 26989236. S2CID 206648737.
^ Howitt MR, Lavoie S, Michaud M, Blum AM, Tran SV, Weinstock JV, et al. (March 2016). "Tuft cells, taste-chemosensory cells, orchestrate parasite type 2 immunity in the gut". Science. 351 (6279): 1329–33. Bibcode:2016Sci...351.1329H. doi:10.1126/science.aaf1648. PMC 5528851. PMID 26847546.
^ ^a ^b Gerbe F, Legraverend C, Jay P (September 2012). "The intestinal epithelium tuft cells: specification and function". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 69 (17): 2907–17. doi:10.1007/s00018-012-0984-7. PMC 3417095. PMID 22527717.

[Gerbe-1] Gerbe F, Jay P (November 2016). "Intestinal tuft cells: epithelial sentinels linking luminal cues to the immune system" (PDF). Mucosal Immunology. 9 (6): 1353–1359. doi:10.1038/mi.2016.68. PMID 27554294.

[2] Leslie M (March 28, 2019). "Closing in on a century-old mystery, scientists are figuring out what the body's 'tuft cells' do". Science. doi:10.1126/science.aax4947. S2CID 193049740.

[Harris-3] Harris N (March 2016). "IMMUNOLOGY. The enigmatic tuft cell in immunity". Science. 351 (6279): 1264–5. Bibcode:2016Sci...351.1264H. doi:10.1126/science.aaf5215. PMID 26989236. S2CID 206648737.

[Howitt-4] Howitt MR, Lavoie S, Michaud M, Blum AM, Tran SV, Weinstock JV, et al. (March 2016). "Tuft cells, taste-chemosensory cells, orchestrate parasite type 2 immunity in the gut". Science. 351 (6279): 1329–33. Bibcode:2016Sci...351.1329H. doi:10.1126/science.aaf1648. PMC 5528851. PMID 26847546.

[GerbeCMLS-5] Gerbe F, Legraverend C, Jay P (September 2012). "The intestinal epithelium tuft cells: specification and function". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 69 (17): 2907–17. doi:10.1007/s00018-012-0984-7. PMC 3417095. PMID 22527717.

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