Back توباماروس Arabic Тупамарос Bulgarian Tupamaros Catalan Tupamaros Czech Movimiento de Liberación Nacional – Tupamaros German Τουπαμάρος Greek Tupamaro Esperanto Movimiento de Liberación Nacional-Tupamaros Spanish Tupamaroen Nazio Askapenerako Mugimendua Basque توپاماروها Persian
| Tupamaros – National Liberation Movement Movimiento de Liberación Nacional – Tupamaros | |
|---|---|
 Tupamaros – National Liberation Movement Flag | |
| Leader | Raúl Sendic Eleuterio Fernández Huidobro Héctor Amodio Pérez Henry Engler Mauricio Rosencof |
| Dates of operation | 1967–1985 |
| Active regions | Uruguay |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Far-left |
| Status | Defunct |
| Allies |  Cuba MIR |
| Opponents |  Government of Uruguay |
| History of Uruguay |
|---|
 |
 Uruguay portal |
The National Liberation Movement – Tupamaros (Spanish: Movimiento de Liberación Nacional – Tupamaros, MLN-T) was a Marxist–Leninist urban guerrilla group that operated in Uruguay during the 1960s and 1970s.[1] It was responsible for numerous violent incidents involving left-wing terrorist activities.[2] In 1989, the group was admitted into the Broad Front and a large number of its members joined the Movement of Popular Participation (MPP).[3]
Formed in the early 1960s, the MLN-T sought to create a revolutionary state through armed struggle, taking inspiration from the 1953-59 Cuban Revolution led by Fidel Castro.[4] Just like the majority of Cuban revolutionaries, the Tupamaros operated in primarily urban areas.[5] The organization gained notoriety for its violent acts of sabotage, bank and armory robberies, assassinations of military and police officers, bombings, and kidnappings of judges, businessmen, diplomats and politicians.[6]
The MLN-T is inextricably linked to its most important leader, Raúl Sendic, and his brand of Marxist politics. José Mujica, who later became President of Uruguay, was also a member. 300 Tupamaros died either in action or in prisons (mostly in 1972), according to officials of the group. About 3,000 Tupamaros were also imprisoned.[7]
- ^ "Las aguas que agitó y dividió Fidel". EL PAIS. 4 December 2016. Retrieved 15 September 2024.
- ^ "Tupamaros (1): el origen". El Observador (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
- ^ "Jorge Zabalza, de nuestro archivo: El ex dirigente tupamaro reclama debate y revolución (octubre 2007)". Radiomundo En Perspectiva (in Spanish). 25 February 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
- ^ Lessa, Alfonso (2017). La revolución imposible: los Tupamaros y el fracaso de la vía armada en el Uruguay del siglo XX (in Spanish). Montevideo: Sudamericana. ISBN 978-9974-881-33-4.
- ^ Demasi, Carlos (2016). Los “tupamaros”, la guerrilla “Robin Hood”.
- ^ Fischer, Diego (2024). La Gran Farsa, retrato de un país en llamas (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Montevideo: Editorial Planeta. p. 12. ISBN 978-9915-692-57-9.
- ^ Christian, Shirley. "TUPAMAROS OF URUGRAY: THE MYSTIQUE SURVIVES." New York Times, 3 Nov. 1986.
© MMXXIII Rich X Search. We shall prevail. All rights reserved. Rich X Search