Tweed Courthouse

	Old New York County Courthouse
	U.S. National Register of Historic Places
	U.S. National Historic Landmark
	New York State Register of Historic Places
	New York City Landmark No. 1121, 1437
	The entry portico in 2010
Location	52 Chambers Street, Manhattan, New York, United States
Coordinates	40°42′48″N 74°00′20″W / 40.71333°N 74.00556°W
Built	1861–72; 1877–81
Architect	John Kellum, Leopold Eidlitz
NRHP reference No.	74001277
NYSRHP No.	06101.000065
NYCL No.	1121, 1437
Significant dates
Added to NRHP	September 25, 1974
Designated NHL	May 11, 1976
Designated NYSRHP	June 23, 1980
Designated NYCL	October 16, 1984

The Tweed Courthouse (also known as the Old New York County Courthouse) is a historic courthouse building at 52 Chambers Street in the Civic Center of Manhattan in New York City. It was built in the Italianate style with Romanesque Revival interiors. William M. "Boss" Tweed – the corrupt leader of Tammany Hall, a political machine that controlled the New York state and city governments when the courthouse was built – oversaw the building's erection. The Tweed Courthouse served as a judicial building for New York County, a county of New York state coextensive with the New York City borough of Manhattan. It is the second-oldest city government building in the borough, after City Hall.

The structure comprises pavilions to the east and west of a central section, as well as a rear wing to the south. Architect John Kellum and political appointee Thomas Little designed the first portion of the building, which was constructed from 1861 to 1872. Construction was interrupted in 1871 when Kellum died and the corruption involved in the building's construction was exposed to the public. The project was completed by architect Leopold Eidlitz, who added the rear wing and finished the interior between 1877 and 1881.

The media criticized the project as wasteful and gaudy during the courthouse's construction, and for a century after its completion, there were frequent proposals to demolish the building. Several modifications were made after completion, including removal of its front steps. Modern restoration and historic preservation were completed in 2001. The building has since housed the New York City Department of Education's headquarters on its upper floors and schools on its ground level. The Tweed Courthouse is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a National Historic Landmark, and its facade and interior are both New York City designated landmarks.

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