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Ubuntu

For the African philosophy, see Ubuntu philosophy. For other uses, see Ubuntu (disambiguation).

Ubuntu
Ubuntu 25.04 "Plucky Puffin"
DeveloperCanonical Ltd.
OS familyLinux (Unix-like)
Working stateCurrent
Source modelOpen-source[1][2]
Initial releaseUbuntu 4.10 / 20 October 2004 (2004-10-20)
Latest releaseRegular: 25.04 / 17 April 2025[3] Edit this on Wikidata
LTS: 24.04.2 LTS / 20 February 2025[4] Edit this on Wikidata
Repository
Marketing targetCloud computing, personal computers, servers, supercomputers, IoT
Available inMore than 55 languages by LoCos
Update methodSoftware Updater, Ubuntu Software, apt
Package managerGNOME Software, dpkg (APT), Snap – graphical front-end: Snap Store
Platforms
Kernel typeMonolithic (Linux kernel)
UserlandGNU
Default
user interface		GNOME
LicenseFree software + some proprietary device drivers,[8] excluding trademarks
Official websiteubuntu.com Edit this at Wikidata

Ubuntu (/ʊˈbʊntuː/ ⓘ uu-BUUN-too) is a Linux distribution based on Debian and composed primarily of free and open-source software.[9][10][11] Developed by the British company Canonical and a community of contributors under a meritocratic governance model,[9][12] Ubuntu is released in multiple official editions: Desktop,[13] Server,[14] and Core for IoT[15] and robotic devices.[16][17]

Ubuntu is published on a six-month release cycle, with long-term support (LTS) versions issued every two years.[18][19] Canonical provides security updates and support until each release reaches its designated end-of-life (EOL), with optional extended support available through the Ubuntu Pro and Expanded Security Maintenance (ESM) services.[20][21] As of June 2025, the latest stable release is 25.04 ("Plucky Puffin"), and the current LTS release is 24.04 ("Noble Numbat").

Ubuntu can be installed directly on hardware or run within a virtual machine. It is widely used for cloud computing, with integration support for platforms such as OpenStack.[22] It is also one of the most popular Linux distributions for general desktop use,[23][24] supported by extensive online communities such as Ask Ubuntu, and has spawned numerous community-maintained variants.[25]

The name "Ubuntu" comes from the Nguni philosophy of ubuntu, which translates roughly as "humanity to others" or "I am what I am because of who we all are".[9]

  1. ^ "kernel.ubuntu.com". kernel.ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 21 August 2018. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
  2. ^ "Index of /ubuntu". archive.ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 11 May 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
  3. ^ Utkarsh Gupta (17 April 2025). "Ubuntu 25.04 (Plucky Puffin) released".
  4. ^ "Ubuntu 24.04.2 LTS released". 20 February 2025. Retrieved 20 February 2025.
  5. ^ "Installation". Ubuntu Server Documentation. Canonical Ltd. 2020. Archived from the original on 29 November 2021. Retrieved 1 January 2022. Ubuntu 20.04 Server Edition [...] supports four 64-bit architectures: amd64, arm64, ppc64el, s390x
  6. ^ "Ubuntu Core" (PDF).
  7. ^ "Supported platforms". Ubuntu Core Documentation. Canonical Ltd. 2020. Archived from the original on 1 January 2022. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
  8. ^ "Explaining Why We Don't Endorse Other Systems". Free Software Foundation. Archived from the original on 24 April 2011. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
  9. ^ a b c Canonical. "About the Ubuntu project". Ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 28 April 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  10. ^ Canonical. "Licensing". ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 2 May 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  11. ^ Canonical. "Debian". ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 2 May 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  12. ^ "Governance". Ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 30 April 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  13. ^ "Ubuntu PC operating system". Ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 16 September 2015. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  14. ^ "Ubuntu Server - for scale out workloads". Ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 23 December 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  15. ^ "Ubuntu for the Internet of Things". Ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 28 April 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  16. ^ "Your first robot: A beginner's guide to ROS and Ubuntu Core [1/5]". blog.ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 16 August 2018. Retrieved 16 August 2018.
  17. ^ Trenholm, Richard. "Open source Ubuntu Core connects robots, drones and smart homes". CNET. Archived from the original on 16 August 2018. Retrieved 16 August 2018.
  18. ^ "Releases – Ubuntu Wiki". Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  19. ^ "LTS – Ubuntu Wiki". Archived from the original on 5 August 2011. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  20. ^ "Release end of life". ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 20 March 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  21. ^ "Plans and pricing". Ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 28 April 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  22. ^ "OpenStack on Ubuntu is your scalable private cloud, by Canonical". ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 28 April 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  23. ^ "Top Five Reasons Why Ubuntu Is the Most Used Linux OS". 7 September 2015.
  24. ^ "Ubuntu Pulls Its Latest Desktop Release Over Hate Speech Concerns". PCMag Middle East. 15 October 2023. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
  25. ^ Evangelho, Jason. "Linux For Beginners: Understanding The Many Versions Of Ubuntu". Forbes. Retrieved 24 November 2023.

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