United States Department of the Treasury

United States Department of the Treasury

Treasury Building
Agency overview
FormedSeptember 2, 1789 (1789-09-02)
Preceding agency
  • Board of Treasury
TypeExecutive department
JurisdictionU.S. federal government
HeadquartersTreasury Building
1500 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, D.C., U.S
38°53′51″N 77°2′4″W / 38.89750°N 77.03444°W / 38.89750; -77.03444
Employees87,336 (2019)
Annual budget$20.2 billion (2024)[1]
Agency executives
Child agencies
Websitetreasury.gov

The Department of the Treasury (USDT)[2] is the national treasury and finance department of the federal government of the United States. It is one of 15 current U.S. government departments.[3]

The department oversees the Bureau of Engraving and Printing and the U.S. Mint, two federal agencies responsible for printing all paper currency and minting coins. The treasury executes currency circulation in the domestic fiscal system, collects all federal taxes through the Internal Revenue Service, manages U.S. government debt instruments, licenses and supervises banks and thrift institutions, and advises the legislative and executive branches on fiscal policy. The department is administered by the secretary of the treasury, who is a member of the Cabinet. The treasurer of the United States has limited statutory duties, but advises the Secretary on various matters such as coinage and currency production.[4] Signatures of both officials appear on all Federal Reserve notes.[5]

The department was established by an Act of Congress in 1789 to manage government revenue.[6] The first secretary of the treasury was Alexander Hamilton from New York, a Founding Father, delegate to the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia during the Revolutionary War, and one of 56 delegates who unanimously signed the Declaration of Independence. Appointed by George Washington, the nation's first president, Hamilton was sworn into office on September 11, 1789.[7] Hamilton was recommended to Washington by Robert Morris from Pennsylvania, who was also a Second Continental Congress delegate. Morris was Washington's first choice for the position, but declined the appointment.[8] Hamilton established the nation's early financial system and for several years was a major presence in Washington's administration.[9]

The department is customarily referred to as "Treasury", solely, without any preceding article – a transitional remnant from British to American English. Hamilton's portrait appears on the obverse of the ten-dollar bill, while the Treasury Building in Washington, D.C. is depicted on the reverse.[10]

  1. ^ "H.R.2882 - Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024". March 23, 2024. Archived from the original on October 8, 2024. Retrieved February 5, 2025.
  2. ^ Donald A. Torres (1985). Handbook of Federal Police and Investigative Agencies. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 275. ISBN 0313245789.
  3. ^ "An Act to Establish the Treasury Department". September 2, 1789. Archived from the original on September 14, 2018. Retrieved October 11, 2018.
  4. ^ "The Treasurer". U.S. Department of the Treasury. Archived from the original on April 4, 2018. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
  5. ^ Crutsinger, Martin (November 15, 2017). "New money: Mnuchin and Carranza signatures now on the dollar bill". USA Today. Gannett Satellite Information Network, LLC. The Associated Press. Archived from the original on May 7, 2018. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
  6. ^ "Image 1 of An act to establish the Treasury department .... [Dated] 1789, July 2. New-York. Printed by Thomas Greenleaf.]". The Library of Congress. January 1, 1970. Archived from the original on December 1, 2022. Retrieved December 1, 2022.
  7. ^ "Appointment as Secretary of the Treasury". founders.archives.gov. Archived from the original on March 4, 2017. Retrieved March 4, 2017.
  8. ^ Adams, Jonathan. "Department of the Treasury". George Washington Digital Encyclopedia. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Archived from the original on May 7, 2018. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
  9. ^ Scanlan, Laura Wolff (2006). "Alexander Hamilton: the man who modernized money". Humanities: The Magazine of the National Endowment for the Humanities. 27 (1). Archived from the original on May 7, 2018. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
  10. ^ "$10". U.S. Currency Education Program. Archived from the original on May 7, 2018. Retrieved May 6, 2018.

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