Universal (Esperantido)

Universal
Universal
Pronunciation	[univerˈsal]
Created by	G. I. Muravskin & L. I. Vasilevskij
Date	1923
Users	None
Purpose	Esperantido Universal;
Writing system	Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3	None (mis)
Glottolog	None
	This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Universal is an Esperantido, a constructed language based on Esperanto. It has inclusive and exclusive pronouns, uses partial reduplication for the plural (tablo "table", tatablo "tables"), and inversion for antonyms (mega "big", gema "little"; donu "give", nodu "receive"; tela "far", leta "near"). Inversion can be seen in,

Al gefinu o fargu kaj la egnifu o grafu.

He finished reading [lit. 'to read'] and she started to write.

The antonyms are the pronouns al "he" and la "she", the ge- (completive) and eg- (inchoative) aspects, the verbs fin- "to finish" and nif- "to begin", and the verbs graf- "to write" and farg- "to read".

The Universal reduplicated plural and inverted antonyms are reminiscent of the musical language Solresol.