Urushiol

Urushiol /ʊˈruːʃi.ɒl/ is an oily mixture of organic compounds with allergenic properties found in plants of the family Anacardiaceae, especially Toxicodendron spp. (e.g., poison oak, Chinese lacquer tree, poison ivy, poison sumac), Comocladia spp. (maidenplums), Metopium spp. (poisonwood), and also in parts of the mango tree as well as the fruit of the cashew tree.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

In most individuals, urushiol causes an allergic skin rash on contact,^[7] known as urushiol-induced contact dermatitis.

The name urushiol is derived from the Japanese word for the lacquer tree, Toxicodendron vernicifluum (漆, urushi).^[8] The oxidation and polymerization of urushiol in the tree's sap in the presence of moisture allows it to form a hard lacquer, which is used to produce traditional Chinese, Korean, and Japanese lacquerware.

^ Cruse, Julius M.; Lewis, Robert E. (2003). Atlas of Immunology, Second Edition. CRC Press. p. 375. ISBN 978-1-4200-3994-8.
^ "Can Reaction to Poison Ivy Cause Mango Allergy?". American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. Archived from the original on 2014-08-03. Retrieved 2014-06-02.
^ "Urushiol: Human Health Effects". NIH. Archived from the original on 2019-12-09. Retrieved 2014-06-02.
^ Rietschel, Robert L.; Fowler, Joseph F.; Fisher, Alexander A. (2008). Fisher's Contact Dermatitis. PMPH-USA. p. 407. ISBN 978-1-55009-378-0.
^ Appleby, Maia (Aug 2013). "Mango & Skin Rashes". Livestrong. Retrieved 2014-06-02.
^ Aguilar-Ortigoza, Carlos J.; Sosa, Victoria; Aguilar-Ortigoza, Marcial (2003-09-01). "Toxic Phenols in various Anacardiaceae species". Economic Botany. 57 (3): 354. doi:10.1663/0013-0001(2003)057[0354:TPIVAS]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 1874-9364. S2CID 41808640.
^ Tilton, Buck (2004). Wilderness First Responder: How to Recognize, Treat, and Prevent Emergencies in the Backcountry. Globe Pequot. ISBN 978-0-7627-2801-5.
^ Oxford English Dictionary^{[full citation needed]}

[1] Cruse, Julius M.; Lewis, Robert E. (2003). Atlas of Immunology, Second Edition. CRC Press. p. 375. ISBN 978-1-4200-3994-8.

[2] "Can Reaction to Poison Ivy Cause Mango Allergy?". American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. Archived from the original on 2014-08-03. Retrieved 2014-06-02.

[3] "Urushiol: Human Health Effects". NIH. Archived from the original on 2019-12-09. Retrieved 2014-06-02.

[4] Rietschel, Robert L.; Fowler, Joseph F.; Fisher, Alexander A. (2008). Fisher's Contact Dermatitis. PMPH-USA. p. 407. ISBN 978-1-55009-378-0.

[5] Appleby, Maia (Aug 2013). "Mango & Skin Rashes". Livestrong. Retrieved 2014-06-02.

[6] Aguilar-Ortigoza, Carlos J.; Sosa, Victoria; Aguilar-Ortigoza, Marcial (2003-09-01). "Toxic Phenols in various Anacardiaceae species". Economic Botany. 57 (3): 354. doi:10.1663/0013-0001(2003)057[0354:TPIVAS]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 1874-9364. S2CID 41808640.

[7] Tilton, Buck (2004). Wilderness First Responder: How to Recognize, Treat, and Prevent Emergencies in the Backcountry. Globe Pequot. ISBN 978-0-7627-2801-5.

[8] Oxford English Dictionary^{[full citation needed]}

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