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WARC (file format)

Not to be confused with ARC (file format) or WAR (file format).
For other uses, see Web archive (disambiguation).
Web ARChive
Filename extensions
warc
Internet media type
application/warc
Extended fromARC[1]
StandardISO 28500:2017[2]
Open format?Yes
Websiteiipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1-annotated/

The WARC (Web ARChive) archive format specifies a method for combining multiple digital resources into an aggregate archive file together with related information. These combined resources are saved as a WARC file which can be replayed using appropriate software such as ReplayWeb.page, or used by archive websites such as the Wayback Machine.

The WARC format is a revision of the Internet Archive's ARC_IA File Format[3] that has traditionally been used to store "web crawls" as sequences of content blocks harvested from the World Wide Web. The WARC format generalizes the older format to better support the harvesting, access, and exchange needs of archiving organizations. Besides the primary content currently recorded, the revision accommodates related secondary content, such as assigned metadata, abbreviated duplicate detection events (see §7.6 "revisit"), and later-date transformations.[4] The WARC format is inspired by HTTP/1.0 streams, with a similar header and the use of CRLFs as delimiters, making it very conducive to crawler implementations.

First specified in 2008,[5] WARC is now recognised by most national library systems as the standard to follow for web archiving,[6] though some have also started to list WACZ as an acceptable format.[7][8]

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  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference ISO was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference ARC_IA was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference DigitalPreservation was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference Arvidson was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference Allegrezza was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ "Web Archive Collection Zipped". www.loc.gov. 2023-05-19. Retrieved 2025-03-28.
  8. ^ "Preferred file formats". digitalpreservation.no. 2024-12-05. Retrieved 2025-03-28.

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