Wildcat formation

Wildcat formation describes a formation for the offense in football in which the ball is snapped not to the quarterback but directly to a player of another position lined up at the quarterback position. (In most systems, this is a running back, but some playbooks have the wide receiver, fullback, or tight end taking the snap.) The wildcat features an unbalanced offensive line and looks to the defense like a sweep behind zone blocking. A player moves across the formation prior to the snap. However, once this player crosses the position of the running back who will receive the snap, the play develops unlike the sweep.

The wildcat is a gambit rather than an overall offensive philosophy. It can be a part of many offenses. For example, a spread-option offense might use the wildcat formation to confuse the defense, or a West Coast offense may use the power-I formation to threaten a powerful run attack.

The wildcat scheme is a derivation of Pop Warner's single wing offense dating back to the 1920s. The wildcat was invented by Billy Ford and Ryan Wilson, and was originally called the "dual" formation.^{[citation needed]} The offensive coaching staff of the Kansas State Wildcats, namely Bill Snyder and Del Miller, made significant contributions to the formation's development throughout the 1990s and 2000s and is often cited as being the formation's namesake. It has been used since the late 1990s at every level of the game, including the CFL, NFL, NCAA, NAIA, and high schools across North America. Coaching staffs have used it with variations and have given their versions a variety of names. The wildcat was popularized in the first decade of the 2000s by South Carolina Gamecocks coach Steve Spurrier to use Syvelle Newton in all offensive positions on the field. It was also used in that decade by Arkansas Razorbacks to use the unique skill-set of their three running backs, Darren McFadden, Felix Jones, and Peyton Hillis. It was eventually used in the NFL by the Miami Dolphins through running backs Ronnie Brown and Ricky Williams. Though its popularity as a regular offensive weapon has waned in recent years as defenses have adapted to it, some teams still use it occasionally as a trick play.