Zaleplon

Zaleplon
Clinical data
Trade names	Sonata, others
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a601251
License data	US DailyMed: Zaleplon;
Addiction; liability	Moderate
Routes of; administration	By mouth
Drug class	nonbenzodiazepine
ATC code	N05CF03 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	BR: Class B1 (Psychoactive drugs); UK: Class C; US: WARNINGSchedule IV;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	30% (oral)
Metabolism	Liver aldehyde oxidase (91%), CYP3A4 (9%)
Elimination half-life	1 hr
Excretion	Kidney
Identifiers
	IUPAC name N-(3-(3-cyanopyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidin-7-yl)phenyl)-N-ethylacetamide;
CAS Number	151319-34-5 ;
PubChem CID	5719;
IUPHAR/BPS	4345;
DrugBank	DB00962 ;
ChemSpider	5517 ;
UNII	S62U433RMH;
KEGG	D00530 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:10102 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1521 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID5023748 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.126.674
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C17H15N5O
Molar mass	305.341 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES CCN(C(C)=O)c1cccc(-c2ccnc3c(C#N)cnn23)c1;
	InChI InChI=1S/C17H15N5O/c1-3-21(12(2)23)15-6-4-5-13(9-15)16-7-8-19-17-14(10-18)11-20-22(16)17/h4-9,11H,3H2,1-2H3 ; Key:HUNXMJYCHXQEGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	(verify)

Zaleplon, sold under the brand name Sonata among others, is a sedative and hypnotic which is used to treat insomnia. It is a nonbenzodiazepine or Z-drug of the pyrazolopyrimidine class.^[6] It was developed by King Pharmaceuticals and approved for medical use in the United States in 1999.^[3]

^ "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
^ Anvisa (31 March 2023). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 4 April 2023). Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
^ ^a ^b "Sonata (zaleplon) Capsules CIV". DailyMed. Retrieved 21 March 2023.
^ ^a ^b Rosen AS, Fournié P, Darwish M, Danjou P, Troy SM (April 1999). "Zaleplon pharmacokinetics and absolute bioavailability". Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition. 20 (3): 171–175. doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-081x(199904)20:3<171::aid-bdd169>3.0.co;2-k. PMID 10211871.
^ "20859 S009, 011 FDA Approved Labeling Text 12.10.07" (PDF). FDA. Retrieved 21 March 2023.
^ Elie R, Rüther E, Farr I, Emilien G, Salinas E (August 1999). "Sleep latency is shortened during 4 weeks of treatment with zaleplon, a novel nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic. Zaleplon Clinical Study Group". The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 60 (8): 536–44. doi:10.4088/JCP.v60n0806. PMID 10485636.