Telepatia

Telepatia (do grego τηλε, tele, "distância"; e πάθεια, patheia, "sentir ou sentimento") é definida na parapsicologia como a habilidade de adquirir informação acerca dos pensamentos, sentimentos ou atividades de outro ser consciente,^[1] sem o uso de ferramentas tais como a linguagem verbal, corporal, de sinais ou a escrita.

O termo foi usado pela primeira vez em 1882 por Fredric W. H. Myers, fundador da Sociedade para Pesquisa Psíquica,^[2] substituindo expressões como transferência de pensamento.^[1] A telepatia é considerada uma forma de percepção extrassensorial ou anomalia cognitiva,^[3] e é frequentemente relacionada a vários fenômenos paranormais, tais como premonição, clarividência.

Embora muitos experimentos científicos sobre a telepatia tenham sido realizados, o consenso científico atual não suporta as alegações deste e de outros supostos fenômenos paranormais e as classificam como pseudociência.^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]

↑ ^a ^b http://parapsych.org/glossary_s_z.html#t Arquivado em 27 de setembro de 2006, no Wayback Machine. Parapsychological Association Glossary of Parapsychological terms, Revisado em 03 de junho de 2013
↑ Carroll, Robert Todd (2005). «The Skeptic's Dictionary; Telepathy». SkepDic.com. Consultado em 13 de setembro de 2006
↑ «Veja verbete "GENERAL EXTRASENSORY PERCEPTION" Do Parapsychological Association Glossary of Parapsychological terms, Revisado em 19 de dezembro de 2006». Consultado em 5 de janeiro de 2007. Arquivado do original em 11 de janeiro de 2011
↑ Pigliucci, Massimo; Boudry, Maarten (eds.) (2013). «Goode, Erich. Paranormalism and Pseudoscience as Deviance». Philosophy of pseudoscience: reconsidering the demarcation problem (em inglês). Many observers refer to the field as a "pseudoscience". When mainstream scientists say that the field of parapsychology is not scientific, they mean that no satisfying naturalistic cause-and-effect explanation for these supposed effects has yet been proposed and that the field's experiments cannot be consistently replicated. 1 ed. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. p. 145-163. ISBN 978-0-226-05182-6. Consultado em 19 de novembro de 2014
↑ Felix Planer. (1980). Superstition. Cassell. p. 218. ISBN 0-304-30691-6 "Many experiments have attempted to bring scientific methods to bear on the investigation of the subject. Their results based on literally millions of tests, have made it abundantly clear that there exists no such phenomenon as telepathy, and that the seemingly successful scores have relied either on illusion, or on deception."
↑ Jan Dalkvist (1994). Telepathic Group Communication of Emotions as a Function of Belief in Telepathy. [S.l.]: Dept. of Psychology, Stockholm University. Consultado em 5 de outubro de 2011. Within the scientific community however, the claim that psi anomalies exist or may exist is in general regarded with skepticism. One reason for this difference between the scientist and the non scientist is that the former relies on his own experiences and anecdotal reports of psi phenomena, whereas the scientist at least officially requires replicable results from well controlled experiments to believe in such phenomena - results which according to the prevailing view among scientists, do not exist.
↑ Willem B. Drees (28 de novembro de 1998). Religion, Science and Naturalism. [S.l.]: Cambridge University Press. pp. 242–. ISBN 978-0-521-64562-1. Consultado em 5 de outubro de 2011. Let me take the example of claims in parapsychology regarding telepathy across spatial or temporal distances, apparently without a mediating physical process. Such claims are at odds with the scientific consensus.
↑ Spencer Rathus. (2011). Psychology: Concepts and Connections. Cengage Learning. p. 143. ISBN 978-1111344856 "There is no adequate scientific evidence that people can read other people's minds. Research has not identified one single indisputable telepath or clairvoyant."

[parapsych.org-1] ttp://parapsych.org/glossary_s_z.html#t Arquivado em 27 de setembro de 2006, no Wayback Machine. Parapsychological Association Glossary of Parapsychological terms, Revisado em 03 de junho de 2013

[2] Carroll, Robert Todd (2005). «The Skeptic's Dictionary; Telepathy». SkepDic.com. Consultado em 13 de setembro de 2006

[3] «Veja verbete "GENERAL EXTRASENSORY PERCEPTION" Do Parapsychological Association Glossary of Parapsychological terms, Revisado em 19 de dezembro de 2006». Consultado em 5 de janeiro de 2007. Arquivado do original em 11 de janeiro de 2011

[4] Pigliucci, Massimo; Boudry, Maarten (eds.) (2013). «Goode, Erich. Paranormalism and Pseudoscience as Deviance». Philosophy of pseudoscience: reconsidering the demarcation problem (em inglês). Many observers refer to the field as a "pseudoscience". When mainstream scientists say that the field of parapsychology is not scientific, they mean that no satisfying naturalistic cause-and-effect explanation for these supposed effects has yet been proposed and that the field's experiments cannot be consistently replicated. 1 ed. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. p. 145-163. ISBN 978-0-226-05182-6. Consultado em 19 de novembro de 2014

[Planer1980-5] Felix Planer. (1980). Superstition. Cassell. p. 218. ISBN 0-304-30691-6 "Many experiments have attempted to bring scientific methods to bear on the investigation of the subject. Their results based on literally millions of tests, have made it abundantly clear that there exists no such phenomenon as telepathy, and that the seemingly successful scores have relied either on illusion, or on deception."

[Dalkvist1994-6] Jan Dalkvist (1994). Telepathic Group Communication of Emotions as a Function of Belief in Telepathy. [S.l.]: Dept. of Psychology, Stockholm University. Consultado em 5 de outubro de 2011. Within the scientific community however, the claim that psi anomalies exist or may exist is in general regarded with skepticism. One reason for this difference between the scientist and the non scientist is that the former relies on his own experiences and anecdotal reports of psi phenomena, whereas the scientist at least officially requires replicable results from well controlled experiments to believe in such phenomena - results which according to the prevailing view among scientists, do not exist.

[Drees1998-7] Willem B. Drees (28 de novembro de 1998). Religion, Science and Naturalism. [S.l.]: Cambridge University Press. pp. 242–. ISBN 978-0-521-64562-1. Consultado em 5 de outubro de 2011. Let me take the example of claims in parapsychology regarding telepathy across spatial or temporal distances, apparently without a mediating physical process. Such claims are at odds with the scientific consensus.

[8] Spencer Rathus. (2011). Psychology: Concepts and Connections. Cengage Learning. p. 143. ISBN 978-1111344856 "There is no adequate scientific evidence that people can read other people's minds. Research has not identified one single indisputable telepath or clairvoyant."

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