Chiang Kai-shek | |
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蒋中正 蔣介石 | |
蔣中正 | |
Chairman o the Naitional Govrenment o Cheenae | |
In office October 10, 1928 – December 15, 1931 | |
Premier | Tan Yankai Soong Tse-ven |
Precedit bi | Gu Weijun (Actin) |
Succeedit bi | Lin Sen |
In office August 1, 1943 – Mey 20, 1948 Actin til October 10, 1943 | |
Premier | Soong Tse-ven |
Precedit bi | Lin Sen |
Succeedit bi | Himself (as Preses o the Republic o Cheenae) |
Chairman o the Naitional Militar Council | |
In office December 15, 1931 – Mey 31, 1946 | |
Precedit bi | Poseetion established |
Succeedit bi | Poseetion abolished |
Preses o the Republic o Cheenae | |
In office Mey 20, 1948 – Januar 21, 1949 | |
Premier | Chang Chun Wong Wen-hao Sun Fo |
Vice Preses | Li Zongren |
Precedit bi | Himself (as Chairman o the Naitional Govrenment o Cheenae) |
Succeedit bi | Li Zongren (Actin) |
In office Mairch 1, 1950 – Aprile 5, 1975 | |
Premier | Yen Hsi-shan Chen Cheng Yu Hung-Chun Chen Cheng Yen Chia-kan Chiang Ching-kuo |
Vice Preses | Li Zongren Chen Cheng Yen Chia-kan |
Precedit bi | Li Zongren (Actin) |
Succeedit bi | Yen Chia-kan |
Premier o the Republic o Cheenae | |
In office December 4, 1930 – December 15, 1931 | |
Precedit bi | Soong Tse-ven |
Succeedit bi | Chen Mingshu |
In office December 9, 1935 – Januar 1, 1938 | |
Preses | Lin Sen |
Precedit bi | Wang Jingwei |
Succeedit bi | Hsiang-hsi Kung |
In office November 20, 1939 – Mey 31, 1945 | |
Preses | Lin Sen |
Precedit bi | Hsiang-hsi Kung |
Succeedit bi | Soong Tse-ven |
In office Mairch 1, 1947 – Aprile 18, 1947 | |
Precedit bi | Soong Tse-ven |
Succeedit bi | Chang Chun |
1st, 3rd Director-General o the Kuomintang | |
In office Mairch 29, 1938 – Aprile 5, 1975 | |
Precedit bi | Hu Hanmin |
Succeedit bi | Chiang Ching-kuo (as Chairman o the Kuomintang) |
Personal details | |
Born | 31 October 1887 Fenghua, Zhejiang |
Dee'd | 5 Apryle 1975 Taipei, Taiwan | (aged 87)
Naitionality | Chinese |
Poleetical pairty | Kuomintang |
Spoose(s) | Mao Fumei Yao Yecheng (concubine) Chen Jieru Soong May-ling |
Bairns | Chiang Ching-kuo Chiang Wei-kuo (adopted) |
Alma mater | Baoding Militar Academy, Imperial Japanese Airmy Academy Preparatory Schuil |
Thrift | Soldier (General officer) |
Religion | Christian [1] |
Awairds | Order o Naitional Glory, Order o Blue Sky an White Sun, 1st class Order o the Sacred Tripod, Legion o Merit |
Signatur | |
Militar service | |
Eikname(s) | "Generalissimo"or "Red General"[2] |
Allegiance | Republic o Cheenae |
Years o service | 1923–1975 |
Rank | Generalissimo |
Battles/wars | Xinhai Revolution, Northren Expedition, Sino-Tibetan War, Kumul Rebellion, Soviet Invasion o Xinjiang, Cheenese Ceevil War, Seicont Sino-Japanese War, Kuomintang Islamic Insurgency in Cheenae (1950–1958) |
Chiang Kai-shek | |||||||||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 蔣介石 / 蔣中正 | ||||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 蒋介石 / 蒋中正 | ||||||||||||
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Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887 – Aprile 5, 1975) wis a 20t-century Cheenese poleetical an militar leader. He is kent as Jiang Jieshi (蔣介石) or Jiang Zhongzheng (蔣中正) in Mandarin Cheenese. Chiang wis an influential member o the Kuomintang (KMT), or Naitionalist Pairty, an wis a close ally o Sun Yat-sen. He acame the Commandant o the Kuomintang's Whampoa Militar Academy, an teuk Sun's place as leader o the KMT whan Sun died in 1925. In 1926, Chiang led the Northren Expedition tae unify the kintra, acomin Cheenae's nominal leader.[3] He served as Chairman o the Naitional Militar Cooncil o the Naitionalist govrenment o the Republic o Cheenae (ROC) frae 1928 tae 1948. Chiang led Cheenae in the Seicont Sino-Japanese War, durin which the Naitionalist govrenment's pouer severely weakened, but his prominence grew. Unlik Sun Yat-sen, Chiang Kai-shek wis socially conservative, promotin tradeetional Cheenese cultur in the New Life Movement an rejectin wastren democracy an the naitionalist democratic socialism that Sun Yat-sen an some ither members o the KMT embraced in favor o a naitionalist authoritarian govrenment.
Chiang's predecessor, Sun Yat-sen, wis well-liked an respectit bi the Communists, but efter Sun's daith Chiang wis nae able tae maintain guid relations wi the Communist Pairty o Cheenae (CPC). A major split atween the Naitionalists an Communists occurred in 1927; an, unner Chiang's leadership, the Nationalists foucht a naition-wide ceevil war against the Communists. Efter Japan invadit Cheenae in 1937, Chiang agreed tae a temporary truce wi the CPC. Despite some early cooperative militar successes against Japan, bi the time that the Japanese surrendered in 1945 neither the CPC nor the KMT trustit ilk ither or wur actively cooperatin. Efter American-sponsored attempts tae negotiate a coalition govrenment failed in 1946, the Cheenese Civil War resumed. The CPC defeatit the Nationalists in 1949, forcin Chiang's govrenment tae retreat tae Taiwan, whaur Chiang imposed martial law an persecutit fowk creetical o his rule in a period kent as the "White Terror". Efter evacuatin tae Taiwan, Chiang's govrenment continued tae declare its intention tae retake mainland Cheenae. Chiang ruled the island securely as Preses o the Republic o Cheenae an General o the Kuomintang til his daith in 1975. He ruled mainland Cheenae for 22 years, an Taiwan for 30 years.
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