Beijing

Beijing 北京市 Peking
Municipality
Clockwise from top: Beijing CBD skyline, Tiananmen, Temple of Heaven, National Center for the Performing Arts, and Beijing National Stadium
Location of Beijing Municipality within China
Coordinates: 39°55′N 116°23′E / 39.917°N 116.383°E / 39.917; 116.383
Country	People's Republic of China
Established	1045 BC (Zhou Dynasty)
Divisions[1]  – County-level  – Township-level	16 districts 289 towns and villages
Government
• Type	Municipality
• Party Secretary	Cai Qi
• Mayor	Chen Jining
• Congress Chairman	Li Wei
• Conference Chairman	Ji Lin
Area [2]
• Municipality	16,410.5 km2 (6,336.1 sq mi)
• Urban  (2018)[3]	4,144 km2 (1,600 sq mi)
• Rural	12,266.5 km2 (4,736.1 sq mi)
Elevation	43.5 m (142.7 ft)
Population  (2018)[4]
• Municipality	21,542,000
• Density	1,300/km2 (3,400/sq mi)
• Urban  (2018)[5]	21,450,000
• Metro  (2017)	24,000,000
• Ranks in China	Population: 27th; Density: 4th
Major ethnic groups
• Han	95%
• Manchu	2%
• Hui	2%
• Mongol	0.3%
• Other	0.7%
Time zone	UTC+8 (CST)
Area code	10
ISO 3166 code	CN-BJ
GDP (nominal)[6]	2018
- Total	¥3.03 trillion ($458 billion) (12th)
– Per capita	¥140,748 ($21,261) (1st)
– Growth	6.6%
HDI (2017)	0.888[7] (1st)—very high
License plate prefixes	京A, C, E, F, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, Y 京B (taxis) 京G (outside urban area) 京O, D (police and authorities)
Abbreviation	BJ / 京 (jīng)
City trees	Chinese arborvitae (Platycladus orientalis)
	Pagoda tree (Sophora japonica)
City flowers	China rose (Rosa chinensis)
	Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)
Website	Beijing Official Website International – eBeijing.gov.cn (in English) 首都之窗-北京市政务门户网站 (in Chinese)

Beijing
"Běijīng" in regular Chinese characters
Chinese	北京
Hanyu Pinyin	Běijīng
Postal	Peking[8] Peiping (1368–1403; 1928–1937; 1945–1949)
Literal meaning	"Northern Capital"
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Běijīng Bopomofo ㄅㄟˇ   ㄐㄧㄥ Gwoyeu Romatzyh Beeijing Wade–Giles Pei3-ching1 IPA [pèi.tɕíŋ] Wu Suzhounese Poh-cin Hakka Romanization Bet5-gin1 Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Bākgìng or Bākgīng IPA [pɐ́k̚.kêŋ] or [pɐ́k̚.kéŋ] Jyutping Bak1ging1 Southern Min Hokkien POJ Pak-kiaⁿ Tâi-lô Pak-kiann Eastern Min Fuzhou BUC Báe̤k-gĭng

Beijing is the capital of the People's Republic of China. The city used to be known as Peking. It is in the northern and eastern parts of the country. Having more that 21 million residents, it is one of the most populous capital cities.

The city of Beijing has played a very important role in the development of China. Many people from different cities and countries come to Beijing to look for better chances to find work. Nearly 15 million people live there. Beijing hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 2008, and the Winter Olympic Games in 2022. It is the only city that has hosted both.

Beijing is well known for its ancient history. Since the Jin Dynasty, Beijing has been the capital of several dynasties (especially the later ones), including the Yuan, Ming, and Qing. There are many places of historic interest in Beijing.

1. ↑ "Township divisions". the Official Website of tGovernment. Archived from the original on 3 September 2009. Retrieved 22 July 2009.
2. ↑ "Doing Business in China – Survey". Ministry Of Commerce – People's Republic Of China. Archived from the original on 26 May 2014. Retrieved 5 August 2013.
3. ↑ Cox, W (2018). Demographia World Urban Areas. 14th Annual Edition (PDF). St. Louis: Demographia. p. 22. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 May 2018. Retrieved 15 June 2018.
4. ↑ "Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics and NBS Survey Office in Beijing". Beijing Bureau of Statistics. 23 January 2019. Archived from the original on 23 January 2019. Retrieved 24 January 2019.
5. ↑ Cox, W (2018). Demographia World Urban Areas. 14th Annual Edition (PDF). St. Louis: Demographia. p. 22. Retrieved 15 June 2018.
6. ↑ "2018年北京经济总体平稳 稳中提质" 北京市2018年国民经济和社会发展统计公报 [Statistical Communiqué of Beijing on the 2018 National Economic and Social Development] (in Chinese). Statistical Bureau of Beijing. 23 January 2019. Archived from the original on 23 January 2019. Retrieved 24 January 2019.
7. ↑ "Subnational Human Development Index" (in Chinese). United Nations Development Programme China. 2017. Archived from the original on 23 September 2018. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
8. ↑ Loaned earlier via French "Pékin".