Bruise

The English Wiktionary has dictionary definitions (meanings of a word) for: bruise, contusion, and ecchymosis

A bruise, also called a contusion or an ecchymosis, is a visible bluish or purplish mark or patch appearing beneath the surface of the skin, resulting from blood that leaked out of the deeper layers of the tissues.^[1] Bruises are usually caused by insult or trauma (getting hit). Some people may bruise more easily, including with certain medical conditions or high or low blood pressure. In older people, bruises may also occur without a special reason.^[2]

Bruises often cause pain but are normally not dangerous. Sometimes bruises can be serious and lead to other more life-threatening forms of hematoma, or they can be associated with serious injuries such as fractures and internal bleeding. Minor bruises may be easily recognized, in people with light skin color, by their characteristic blue or purple appearance (idiomatically described as "black and blue") in the days following the injury.

1. ↑ "Bruises". kidshealth.org. Retrieved 7 April 2010.
2. ↑ "bruise (pathology) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia". britannica.com. Retrieved 7 April 2010.