Italy

Italian Republic Repubblica Italiana  (Italian)
Flag Emblem
Anthem: Il Canto degli Italiani  (Italian) "The Song of the Italians"
Location of  Italy  (dark green) – on the European continent  (light green & dark grey) – in the European Union  (light green)  —  [Legend]
Capital and largest city	Rome 41°54′N 12°29′E / 41.900°N 12.483°E / 41.900; 12.483
Official languages	Italian
Religion	83.3% Christians 12.3% irreligious 3.7% Muslims 0.3 % Buddhists 0.1% Hindus 0.3% other religion[1]
Demonym(s)	Italian
Government	Unitary constitutional parliamentary republic
• President	Sergio Mattarella
• Prime Minister	Giorgia Meloni
• President of the Senate	Ignazio La Russa
• President of the Chamber of Deputies	Lorenzo Fontana
Legislature	Parliament
• Upper house	Senate of the Republic
• Lower house	Chamber of Deputies
Formation
• Unification	17 March 1861
• Republic	2 June 1946
• Founded the EEC (now the European Union)	1 January 1958
Area
• Total	301,338 km2 (116,347 sq mi) (71st)
• Water (%)	2.4
Population
• 31.12.2016 estimate	60,589,445[2] (23rd)
• Density	201.3/km2 (521.4/sq mi) (63rd)
GDP (PPP)	2016 estimate
• Total	$2.234 trillion[3] (12th)
• Per capita	$36,833[3] (32nd)
GDP (nominal)	2016 estimate
• Total	$1.850 trillion[3] (8th)
• Per capita	$30,507[3] (25th)
Gini (2015)	32.4[4] medium
HDI (2015)	0.887[5] very high · 26th
Currency	Euro (€)b (EUR)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Date format	dd/mm/yyyy (AD)
Driving side	right
Calling code	+39c
ISO 3166 code	IT
Internet TLD	.itd
German is co-official in South Tyrol; French is co-official in the Aosta Valley; Slovene is co-official in the province of Trieste and the province of Gorizia; Ladin is co-official in South Tyrol, in Trentino and in other northern areas. Before 2002, the Italian lira. The euro is accepted in Campione d'Italia but its official currency is the Swiss franc.[6] To call Campione d'Italia, it is necessary to use the Swiss code +41. The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.

Italy (Italian: Italia [iˈtaːlja]) is a country in Southern Europe with small island territories in North Africa. It is a member of the European Union. Its official name is the Italian Republic (Italian: Repubblica Italiana). The Italian flag is green, white and red. Italy is a democratic republic.

Italy is a founding member of the European Union.^[7] In 2022, Italy's president is Sergio Mattarella. Its prime minister is Giorgia Meloni. Italy is also a member of the G7, as it has the eighth largest gross domestic product in the world.

Italy has become famous for its wine and food. Some foods are different between regions. Famous dishes include various types of pasta, pizza, and grapes. Olives are also often used.

Before 1861, Italy was made up of smaller kingdoms and city-states.

The country's capital, Rome, is one of the most famous cities in the world. It was the capital of the Roman Empire. Other famous cities in Italy include Venice, Naples, Turin, Genoa, Florence, Palermo, and Milan.

1. ↑ "The Global Religious Landscape" (PDF). Pewforum.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2015-10-02.
2. ↑ "National demographic estimate, December 2016". ISTAT. Archived from the original on 6 August 2017. Retrieved 23 October 2017.
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3} "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2016 – Italy". International Monetary Fund. Archived from the original on 16 November 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
4. ↑ "Gini coefficient of equivalsed disposable income (source: SILC)". Luxembourg: Eurostat. 15 June 2017. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 24 June 2017.
5. ↑ "2016 Human Development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2016. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 March 2017. Retrieved 23 March 2017.
6. ↑ "Comune di Campione d'Italia". Comune.campione-d-italia.co.it. 14 July 2010. Archived from the original on 30 April 2011. Retrieved 30 October 2010.
7. ↑ "European Countries". European Union. Archived from the original on 2009-12-21. Retrieved 2009-07-24.