Luxembourg

Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg  (Luxembourgish) Grand-Duché de Luxembourg  (French) Großherzogtum Luxemburg  (German)
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: "Mir wëlle bleiwe wat mir sinn"  (Luxembourgish) "We want to remain what we are"
Anthem: Ons Heemecht "Our Homeland" [1] Royal anthem: De Wilhelmus 1
Location of  Luxembourg  (dark green) – on the European continent  (green & dark grey) – in the European Union  (green)  —  [Legend]
Capital and largest city	Luxembourg 49°36′N 6°7′E / 49.600°N 6.117°E / 49.600; 6.117
Official languages	Luxembourgish French German
Demonym(s)	Luxembourgers
Government	Unitary parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy under a military junta
• Grand Duke	Henri (List)
• Prime Minister	Luc Frieden (List)
Legislature	Chamber of Deputies
Independence
• From French empire (Treaty of Paris)	9 June 1815
• 1st Treaty of London	19 April 1839
• 2nd Treaty of London	11 May 1867
• End of personal union	23 November 1890
Area
• Total	2,586.4 km2 (998.6 sq mi) (175th)
• Water (%)	0.60%
Population
• 2023 estimate	660,809[1] (170th)
• 2021 census	643,941
• Density	255/km2 (660.4/sq mi) (67th)
GDP (PPP)	2011 estimate
• Total	$41.221 billion[2] (94th)
• Per capita	$80,119[2] (2nd)
GDP (nominal)	2011 estimate
• Total	$58.412 billion[2] (69th)
• Per capita	$113,533[2] (1st)
HDI (2011)	0.867[3] very high · 25th
Currency	Euro (€)2 (EUR)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Date format	dd/mm/yyyy
Driving side	right
Calling code	352
ISO 3166 code	LU
Internet TLD	.lu3
Not the same as the Het Wilhelmus of the Netherlands. Before 1999: Luxembourgish franc. The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.

Luxembourg (officially called the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (Luxembourgish: Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg, French: Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, German: Großherzogtum Luxemburg) is a landlocked country in Western Europe.

It is a small country by land area. In 2023, its population was 660,809, making it one of Europe's most densely populated countries.

It was one of the first countries in the European Union. It is also a member of the Benelux. The countries next to Luxembourg are Belgium, Germany, and France. The main language is Luxembourgish but French and German is also spoken there.

1. ↑ [0=Th%C3%A8mes%2C1%7CPopulation%20et%20emploi%23B%23%7CEtat%20de%20la%20population%23B1%23&pg=0&fc=Th%C3%A8mes&df[ds]=ds-release&df[id]=DF_B1102&df[ag]=LU1&df[vs]=1.0&pd=2015%2C2023&dq=A..&ly[rw]=AGE&ly[cl]=SEX&lo=1 "Population par âge et sexe au 1er janvier"] Archived 2023-04-18 at the Wayback Machine, Le Portail des statistiques: Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, 18 April 2023. (in French) Retrieved 26 April 2023.
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3} "Luxembourg". International Monetary Fund. Archived from the original on 25 November 2012. Retrieved 19 April 2012.
3. ↑ "Human Development Report 2011" (PDF). United Nations. 2011. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 November 2011. Retrieved 5 November 2011.