Northern Ireland | |
---|---|
![]() In orange is Northern Ireland
And a lighter peach orange colour is the United Kingdom and the white is the rest of the European continent. | |
Status | Country (constituent unit) |
Capital and largest city | Belfast 54°36′N 5°55′W / 54.600°N 5.917°W |
Languages[b] | English |
Regional languages | |
Ethnic groups (2011) | |
Government | Consociational devolved legislature within unitary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
Michelle O'Neill | |
Emma Little-Pengelly | |
Parliament of the United Kingdom | |
• Secretary of State | Hilary Benn |
• House of Commons | 18 MPs (of 650) |
Legislature | Northern Ireland Assembly |
Devolution | |
3 May 1921 | |
18 July 1973 | |
17 July 1974 | |
19 November 1998 | |
Area | |
• Total | 14,130 km2 (5,460 sq mi)[2] |
Population | |
• 2019 estimate | ![]() |
• 2011 census | 1,810,863[4] |
• Density | 133/km2 (344.5/sq mi) |
GVA | 2018 estimate |
• Total | £49 billion[5] |
• Per capita | £26,000 |
HDI (2018) | 0.887[6] very high |
Currency | Pound sterling (GBP; £) |
Time zone | UTC (Greenwich Mean Time) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+1 (British Summer Time) |
Date format | dd/mm/yyyy (AD) |
Driving side | left |
Calling code | +44[c] |
ISO 3166 code | GB-NIR |
|
Northern Ireland (Irish: Tuaisceart Éireann, Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is one of the four constituent countries of the United Kingdom. It is on the island of Ireland.
The whole island of Ireland used to be a kingdom, called the Kingdom of Ireland. After the Act of Union in the year 1800 (following the failed Irish rebellion of 1798), it became part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. This stayed until 1922, after the War of Independence. At that time, Ireland was divided into the Republic of Ireland, the sovereign state that takes up most of the island, and Northern Ireland, which stayed as part of the United Kingdom.
About 1.8 million people live in Northern Ireland. Its capital and largest city is Belfast. In 1972, the historic administrative roles of its 6 counties were replaced by 26 unitary authorities Counties of Northern Ireland.
Sometimes people use other names for Northern Ireland. Some call it Ulster, however that is an incorrect name because some parts of Ulster are actually in the Republic of Ireland. Others call it "the North" or "the Six Counties", because they do not want to recognise that a part of Ireland is not fully independent. Northern Ireland is the smallest part of the United Kingdom at 5,345 square miles (13,840 square kilometres).
The only official flag in Northern Ireland is the Union Flag of the United Kingdom. The Ulster Banner, however, is still used as the flag of Northern Ireland by loyalists and unionists, and to represent Northern Ireland internationally in some sporting competitions.
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