Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania
State
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Flag Seal
Nickname(s):  Keystone State;[1] Quaker State
Motto(s):  Virtue, Liberty and Independence
Anthem: "Pennsylvania"
Map of the United States with Pennsylvania highlighted
Country	United States
Before statehood	Province of Pennsylvania
Admitted to the Union	December 12, 1787 (2nd)
Capital	Harrisburg
Largest city	Philadelphia
Largest metro and urban areas	Delaware Valley
Government
• Governor	Josh Shapiro (D)
• Lieutenant Governor	Austin Davis (D)
Legislature	General Assembly
• Upper house	State Senate
• Lower house	House of Representatives
Judiciary	Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
U.S. senators	Bob Casey Jr. (D) John Fetterman (D)
U.S. House delegation	9 Democrats 9 Republicans (list)
Area
• Total	46,055 sq mi (119,283 km2)
• Land	44,816.61 sq mi (116,074 km2)
• Water	1,239 sq mi (3,208 km2)  2.7%
• Rank	33rd
Dimensions
• Length	170 mi (273 km)
• Width	283 mi (455 km)
Elevation	1,100 ft (340 m)
Highest elevation (Mount Davis[2][3])	3,213 ft (979 m)
Lowest elevation (Delaware River at Delaware border[2])	0 ft (0 m)
Population  (2020[5])
• Total	13,011,844
• Rank	5th
• Density	290/sq mi (112/km2)
• Rank	9th
• Median household income	$59,195[4]
• Income rank	25th
Demonym	Pennsylvanian
Language
• Official language	None
• Spoken language	English 90.15% Spanish 4.09% German (Including Pennsylvania German) 0.87% Chinese 0.47% Italian 0.43%[6]
Time zone	UTC−05:00 (Eastern)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−04:00 (EDT)
USPS abbreviation	PA
ISO 3166 code	US-PA
Traditional abbreviation	Pa., Penn., Penna.
Latitude	39°43′ to 42°16′ N
Longitude	74°41′ to 80°31′ W
Website	www.pa.gov

Pennsylvania state symbols
Flag of Pennsylvania
Living insignia
Amphibian	Eastern Hellbender
Bird	Ruffed grouse
Dog breed	Great Dane
Fish	Brook trout
Flower	Mountain laurel
Insect	Firefly (Colloquially "Lightning Bug") (Photuris pensylvanica)
Mammal	White-tailed deer
Tree	Eastern hemlock
Inanimate insignia
Beverage	Milk
Dance	Polka
Food	Chocolate Chip Cookie[7]
Fossil	Trilobite
Soil	Hazleton
State route marker
State quarter
Released in 1999
Lists of United States state symbols

Pennsylvania is one of the 50 states in the United States of America. It is in the northeastern part of the country. It has a border with Ohio on the west, West Virginia on the south and west, Maryland and Delaware on the south, New Jersey on the east, and New York and Lake Erie on the north.

The state capital of Pennsylvania is Harrisburg. The largest city in Pennsylvania is Philadelphia. The state nickname of Pennsylvania is "The Keystone State". The current governor of Pennsylvania is Josh Shapiro.

Pennsylvania is well known for its role in the American Revolution, its large communities of Amish, and its heavy industry.

1. ↑ "Symbols of Pennsylvania". Portal.state.pa.us. Archived from the original on October 14, 2007. Retrieved May 4, 2014.
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1} "Elevations and Distances in the United States". United States Geological Survey. 2001. Archived from the original on October 15, 2011. Retrieved October 24, 2011.
3. ↑ Elevation adjusted to North American Vertical Datum of 1988.
4. ↑ "Median Annual Household Income". The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
5. ↑ Bureau, US Census (2021-04-26). "2020 Census Apportionment Results". The United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2021-04-26. Retrieved 2021-04-27.
6. ↑ "Most spoken languages in Pennsylvania in 2010". MLA Data Center. Archived from the original on May 27, 2013. Retrieved November 4, 2012.
7. ↑ "Cookie Candidates". 2016. Archived from the original on March 7, 2016. Retrieved February 22, 2016.