![]() | This template is used on many pages and changes may be widely noticed. Test changes in the template's /sandbox or /testcases subpages, or in your own user subpage. Consider discussing changes on the talk page before implementing them.
Preview message: Transclusion count updated automatically (see documentation). |
![]() | This template uses Lua: |
{{Cite arXiv}} | arXiv preprints |
---|---|
{{Cite AV media}} | audio and visual media |
{{Cite AV media notes}} | AV media liner notes |
{{Cite bioRxiv}} | bioRxiv preprints |
{{Cite book}} | books and chapters |
{{Cite CiteSeerX}} | CiteSeerX papers |
{{Cite conference}} | conference papers |
{{Cite encyclopedia}} | edited collections |
{{Cite episode}} | radio or TV episodes |
{{Cite interview}} | interviews |
{{Cite journal}} | academic journals |
{{Cite magazine}} | magazines, periodicals |
{{Cite mailing list}} | public mailing lists |
{{Cite map}} | maps |
{{Cite news}} | news articles |
{{Cite newsgroup}} | online newsgroups |
{{Cite podcast}} | podcasts |
{{Cite press release}} | press releases |
{{Cite report}} | reports |
{{Cite serial}} | audio or video serials |
{{Cite sign}} | signs, plaques |
{{Cite speech}} | speeches |
{{Cite ssrn}} | SSRN papers |
{{Cite techreport}} | technical reports |
{{Cite thesis}} | theses |
{{Cite web}} | web sources not covered by the above |
See also | Specific-source templates Wrapper templates |
This Citation Style 1 template is used to create citations for books. When citing an article in a periodical, use {{cite journal}} or {{cite magazine}}. For conference papers, use {{cite conference}}. For edited collections, use {{cite encyclopedia}}. For theses, use {{cite thesis}}.
Copy a blank version to use. Almost all parameter names are supported only in lower case (some initialisms, such as |isbn=
have upper-case aliases like |ISBN=
, which are acceptable for use). Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Unused parameters may be deleted to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples on this documentation page may include the current date. If the date is not current, then the page.
|
{{cite book |last= |first= |author-link= |date= |title= |url= |location= |publisher= |page= <!-- or pages= --> |isbn= }} |
|
Parameters | Prerequisites | Brief instructions / notes | Vertical list |
---|---|---|---|
last1 | Author's last name or single name author. Don't link. | {{cite book |last1 = |first1 = |author-link1 = |last2 = |first2 = |author-link2 = |last3 = |first3 = |author-link3 = |last4 = |first4 = |author-link4 = |last5 = |first5 = |author-link5 = |display-authors = |author-mask1 = |author-mask2 = |author-mask3 = |author-mask4 = |author-mask5 = |editor-last1 = |editor-first1 = |editor-link1 = |editor-last2 = |editor-first2 = |editor-link2 = |editor-last3 = |editor-first3 = |editor-link3 = |editor-last4 = |editor-first4 = |editor-link4 = |editor-last5 = |editor-first5 = |editor-link5 = |display-editors = |editor-mask1 = |editor-mask2 = |editor-mask3 = |editor-mask4 = |editor-mask5 = |translator-last1 = |translator-first1 = |translator-link1 = |translator-last2 = |translator-first2 = |translator-link2 = |translator-last3 = |translator-first3 = |translator-link3 = |translator-last4 = |translator-first4 = |translator-link4 = |translator-last5 = |translator-first5 = |translator-link5 = |display-translators = |translator-mask1 = |translator-mask2 = |translator-mask3 = |translator-mask4 = |translator-mask5 = |others = |name-list-style = |date = |year = |orig-date = |chapter = |script-chapter = |trans-chapter = |chapter-url = |chapter-url-access = |chapter-format = |title = |script-title = |trans-title = |title-link = |url = |url-status = |url-access = |format = |type = |series = |language = |volume = |edition = |publication-place = |location = |publisher = |publication-date = |page = |pages = |at = |no-pp = |arxiv = |asin = |asin-tld = |bibcode = |bibcode-access = |biorxiv = |citeseerx = |doi = |doi-access = |doi-broken-date = |eissn = |hdl = |hdl-access = |isbn = |ismn = |issn = |jfm = |jstor = |jstor-access = |lccn = |mr = |oclc = |ol = |ol-access = |osti = |osti-access = |pmc = |pmc-embargo-date = |pmid = |rfc = |sbn = |ssrn = |s2cid = |s2cid-access = |zbl = |id = |archive-url = |archive-date = |access-date = |via = |quote = |script-quote = |trans-quote = |quote-page = |quote-pages = |mode = |postscript = |ref = }} | |
first1 | last1 | Author's first name. Don't link. | |
author-link1 | last1 | Title of Wikipedia article about the first author. Don't link. | |
last2 | last1 | Like last1 , but for 2nd author.
| |
first2 | last2 | Like first1 , but for 2nd author.
| |
author-link2 | last2 | Like author-link1 , but for 2nd author.
| |
last3 | last2 | Like last1 , but for 3rd author.
| |
first3 | last3 | Like first1 , but for 3rd author.
| |
author-link3 | last3 | Like author-link1 , but for 3rd author.
| |
last4 | last3 | Like last1 , but for 4th author.
| |
first4 | last4 | Like first1 , but for 4th author.
| |
author-link4 | last4 | Like author-link1 , but for 4th author.
| |
last5 | last4 | Like last1 , but for 5th author. Similar: last6, etc.
| |
first5 | last5 | Like first1 , but for 5th author. Similar: first6, etc.
| |
author-link5 | last5 | Like author-link1 , but for 5th author. Similar: author-link6, etc.
| |
display-authors | last1 | Number (number of authors displayed) or etal (more authors)
| |
author-mask1 | last1 | See Display options below; not for lists of cited works | |
author-mask2 | last2 | ||
author-mask3 | last3 | ||
author-mask4 | last4 | ||
author-mask5 | last5 | ||
editor-last1 | may also use "editor-last" | ||
editor-first1 | editor-last1 | may also use 'editor-first" | |
editor-link1 | editor-last1 | may also use "editor-link" | |
editor-mask1 | editor-last1 | ||
display-editors | |||
translator-last1 | Like last1 , but for translator
| ||
translator-first1 | translator-last1 | Like first1 , but for translator
| |
translator-link1 | translator-last1 | Like author-link1 , but for translator
| |
translator-last2 | translator-last1 | Like last1 , but for 2nd translator. Similar: translator-last3, etc.
| |
translator-first2 | translator-last2 | Like first1 , but for 2nd translator. Similar: translator-first3, etc.
| |
translator-link2 | translator-last2 | Like author-link1 , but for 2nd transl. Similar: translator-link3, ...
| |
display-translators | translator-last1 | Like display-authors , but for translators
| |
translator-mask1 | translator-last1 | See Display options below; not for lists of cited works | |
translator-mask2 | translator-last2 | ||
name-list-style | last2 | Set to amp or ampersand to separate the last author with " & "; set to and to separate with " and "
| |
others | |||
date | |||
year | |||
orig-date | date or year | ||
chapter | This should be the title of the chapter cited. Do not wikilink "chapter" if "chapter-url" is provided | ||
script-chapter | |||
trans-chapter | chapter or script-chapter | ||
chapter-url | chapter or script-chapter | ||
chapter-format | chapter-url | ||
title | |||
script-title | |||
trans-title | title or script-title | ||
title-link | |||
url | title or script-title | ||
url-status | archive-url | ||
url-access | url | ||
format | url | ||
type | |||
series | |||
language | |||
volume | |||
edition | Ordinal number | ||
publication-place | publisher | ||
location | publisher | can be used for written-at location when "publication-place" is used for publication place | |
publisher | |||
publication-date | |||
page | choose one: "page", "pages", or "at" | ||
pages | choose one: "page", "pages", or "at". Use when content on multiple pages supports the article text. | ||
at | choose one: "page", "pages", or "at" | ||
no-pp | page or pages | set no-pp to "yes" to suppress the "p." or "pp." before page numbers | |
arxiv | |||
asin | |||
asin-tld | asin | ||
bibcode | |||
biorxiv | |||
citeseerx | |||
doi | |||
doi-broken-date | doi | ||
eissn | |||
hdl | |||
isbn | always include ISBN, if one has been assigned | ||
issn | |||
ismn | |||
jfm | |||
jstor | |||
lccn | |||
mr | |||
oclc | |||
ol | |||
osti | |||
pmc | |||
pmc-embargo-date | pmc | ||
pmid | |||
rfc | |||
sbn | |||
ssrn | |||
s2cid | |||
zbl | |||
id | |||
archive-url | archive-date, url | ||
archive-date | archive-url | ||
access-date | url | ||
via | |||
quote | |||
script-quote | |||
trans-quote | |||
quote-page | choose one: "quote-page", "quote-pages" | ||
quote-pages | choose one: "quote-page", "quote-pages". Use when quote contains contents from multiple pages. | ||
mode | cs1 or cs2
| ||
postscript | |||
ref | |||
If a field name is listed in the Prerequisites column, it is a prerequisite for the field to the left. |
Title
{{cite book |title=Mysterious Book}}
Title and year
{{cite book |title=Mysterious Book |date=1901}}
Basic usage (single author)
{{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Joe |author-link=Joe Bloggs |date=1974 |title=Book of Bloggs}}
Basic usage (two authors)
{{cite book |last1=Bloggs |first1=Joe |author-link1=Joe Bloggs |last2=Bloggs |first2=Fred |author-link2=Fred Bloggs |date=1974 |title=Book of Bloggs}}
Basic usage with url (and access-date) and edition
{{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Joe |author-link=Joe Bloggs |date=1974 |title=Book of Bloggs |edition=1st |url=http://en.wikipedia.org/ |access-date=February 17, 2006}}
Citing a chapter in a book with different authors for different chapters and an editor
{{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Fred |date=January 1, 2001 |editor-last=Doe |editor-first=John |title=Big Compilation Book with Many Chapters and Distinct Chapter Authors |publisher=Book Publishers |pages=100–110 |chapter=Chapter 2: The History of the Bloggs Family |isbn=}}
Citing a chapter in a book with two joint authors and an editor
{{cite book |last1=Bloggs |first1=Joe |last2=Egg |first2=Fred |date=January 1, 2001 |editor-last=Doe |editor-first=John |title=Big Book with Many Chapters and Two Co-authors |publisher=Book Publishers |orig-date=1st pub. 1986 |pages=100–110 |chapter=Chapter 6: Getting There |chapter-url=http://en.wikipedia.org/ |isbn= |name-list-style=amp}}
Three authors, title with a piped wikilink, edition
{{cite book |last1=Bloggs |first1=Joe |author-link1=Joe Bloggs |last2=Smith |first2=John |last3=Smythe |first3=Jim |title=[[A Thousand Acres|1000 Acres]] |edition=2nd}}
Complex usage showing effect of using volume parameter and lastauthoramp parameter (without volume and lastauthoramp)
{{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I. S. O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=G. M. S. |last3=Molony |first3=C. J. C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S. E. |date=2007 |orig-date=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J. R. M. |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East. Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, East Sussex |isbn=1-845740-65-3}}
Complex usage showing effect of using volume parameter and lastauthoramp parameter (with volume and lastauthoramp)
{{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I. S. O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=G. M. S. |last3=Molony |first3=C. J. C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S. E. |date=2007 |orig-date=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J. R. M. |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East |volume=I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, East Sussex |isbn=1-845740-65-3 |name-list-style=amp}}
Date without day, wikilinked title, publisher, pages, edition, location
{{cite book |last1=Cordell |first1=Bruce R. |last2=Grubb |first2=Jeff |last3=Noonan |first3=David |date=September 2001 |title=[[Manual of the Planes]] |edition=3rd |publisher=Wizards of the Coast |location=Renton, Washington |isbn=0-7869-1850-0 |pages=134–137}}
Other language
{{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Jean |date=1974 |title=Livre de Bloggs |edition=1st |language=French |trans-title=Book of Bloggs |url=http://en.wikipedia.org/ |access-date=February 17, 2006}}
Using a DOI
{{cite book |last=Mumford |first=David |author-link=David Mumford |date=1999 |title=The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes: Includes the Michigan Lectures (1974) on Curves and Their Jacobians |edition=2nd |publisher=Springer-Verlag |doi=10.1007/b62130 |isbn=354063293X}}
Using author-mask parameter
{{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I. S. O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=G. M. S. |last3=Molony |first3=C. J. C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S. E. |date=2004 |orig-date=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J. R. M. |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, East Sussex |isbn=1-845740-65-3 |name-list-style=amp}}
{{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I. S. O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Flynn |first2=F. C. |last3=Molony |first3=C. J. C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S. E. |date=2004 |orig-date=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J. R. M. |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume II: The Germans Come to the Help of Their Ally (1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, East Sussex |isbn=1-845740-66-1 |name-list-style=amp |author-mask=2}}
{{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I. S. O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Flynn |first2=F. C. |last3=Molony |first3=C. J. C. |last4=Gleave |first4=T. P. |date=2004 |orig-date=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=Sir James |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume III: British Fortunes Reach Their Lowest Ebb (September 1941 to September 1942) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, East Sussex |isbn=1-845740-67-X |name-list-style=amp |author-mask=2}}
Using display-authors parameter
{{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I. S. O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=G. M. S. |last3=Molony |first3=C. J. C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S. E. |date=2004 |orig-date=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J. R. M. |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, East Sussex |isbn=1-845740-65-3 |display-authors=1}}
Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:
This template embeds COinS metadata in the HTML output, allowing reference management software to retrieve bibliographic metadata. As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text:
|date=27 September 2007
not |date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September)
Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example
, –
, etc., should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata.
Note: This table of metadata is displayed for all Citation Style 1 templates. Not all of these parameters are supported by every CS1 template. Some of these parameters are mutually exclusive, some are aliases of another parameter, and some require other parameters to be present. Please refer to each template's documentation for a full list of supported parameters, their aliases, and their dependencies.
|periodical=
, |journal=
, |newspaper=
, |magazine=
, |work=
, |website=
, |encyclopedia=
, |encyclopaedia=
, |dictionary=
|chapter=
, |script-chapter=
, |contribution=
, |script-contribution=
, |entry=
, |script-entry=
, |article=
, |script-article=
, |section=
, |script-section=
|title=
, |script-title=
, |book-title=
|publication-place=
, |place=
, |location=
|date=
, |year=
, |publication-date=
|series=
, |version=
|volume=
, |issue=
, |number=
|page=
, |pages=
, |at=
, |quote-page=
, |quote-pages=
|edition=
|publisher=
, |institution=
|url=
, |chapter-url=
, |contribution-url=
, |section-url=
|author-last=
, |author-last#=
, |author#-last=
, |author-surname=
, |author-surname#=
, |author#-surname=
, |last=
, |last#=
, |surname=
, |surname#=
, |author=
, |author#=
, |subject=
, |subject#=
, |host=
, |host#=
|author-first=
, |author-first#=
, |author#-first=
, |author-given=
, |author-given#=
, |author#-given=
, |first=
, |first#=
, |given=
, |given#=
|degree=
|arxiv=
, |bibcode=
, |biorxiv=
, |citeseerx=
, |doi=
, |eissn=
, |eprint=
, |hdl=
, |isbn=
, |issn=
, |jfm=
, |jstor=
, |lccn=
, |message-id=
, |mr=
, |oclc=
, |osti=
, |pmc=
, |pmid=
, |rfc=
, |ssrn=
, |s2cid=
, |zbl=
Parameter | Description | Date |
---|---|---|
|author-given=
|
added aliases (including enumerated forms) for |author-first=
|
October 2020 |
|author-surname=
|
added aliases (including enumerated forms) for |author-last=
|
October 2020 |
|display-subjects=
|
added alias for |display-authors= for usage with |subject=
|
October 2020 |
|interviewer-given=
|
added aliases (including enumerated forms) for |interviewer-first=
|
October 2020 |
|interviewer-surname=
|
added aliases (including enumerated forms) for |interviewer-last=
|
October 2020 |
|orig-date=
|
added canonical form for alias |orig-year=
|
October 2020 |
|quote-page=
|
added single page specifier for |quote=
|
October 2020 |
|quote-pages=
|
added multiple pages specifier for |quote=
|
October 2020 |
|sbn=
|
added identifier parameter for Standard Book Numbers | April 2020 |
|script-quote=
|
added non-Latin script text facility for |quote=
|
October 2020 |
|subject-mask=
|
added aliases (including enumerated forms) to |author-mask= for usage with |subject=
|
October 2020 |
|s2cid=
|
added identifier parameter for Semantic Scholar corpus ID | April 2020 |
|s2cid-access=
|
added access-icon parameter for |s2cid=
|
April 2020 |
|title-link=
|
added special tokens none/doi/pmc to override/disable auto-linking ({{cite journal}} only)
|
October 2020 |
|trans-quote=
|
added translated text facility for |quote=
|
October 2020 |
accept-this-as-written-markup | added for |doi= , |eissn= , |isbn= , |issn= , |sbn=
|
October 2020 |
Deprecated parameter | Replace with | Date |
---|---|---|
none deprecated at present |
Removed parameter | Replace with | Date |
---|---|---|
|authorfirst=
|
|author-first=
|
October 2020 |
|authorfirstn=
|
|author-firstn=
|
October 2020 |
|authornfirst=
|
|authorn-first=
|
October 2020 |
|authorgiven=
|
|author-given=
|
October 2020 |
|authorgivenn=
|
|author-givenn=
|
October 2020 |
|authorngiven=
|
|authorn-given=
|
October 2020 |
|authorlast=
|
|author-last=
|
October 2020 |
|authorlastn=
|
|author-lastn=
|
October 2020 |
|authornlast=
|
|authorn-last=
|
October 2020 |
|authormask=
|
|author-mask=
|
January 2021 |
|authormaskn=
|
|author-maskn=
|
January 2021 |
|authornmask=
|
|authorn-mask=
|
January 2021 |
|authorsurname=
|
|author-surname=
|
October 2020 |
|authorsurnamen=
|
|author-surnamen=
|
October 2020 |
|authornsurname=
|
|authorn-surname=
|
October 2020 |
|booktitle=
|
|book-title=
|
May 2021 |
|chapterurl=
|
|chapter-url=
|
May 2021 |
|conferenceurl=
|
|conference-url=
|
April 2021 |
|contributionurl=
|
|contribution-url=
|
April 2021 |
|deadurl=yes
|
|url-status=dead
|
September 2019 |
|dead-url=yes
|
|url-status=dead
|
September 2019 |
|displayauthors=
|
|display-authors=
|
January 2021 |
|displayeditors=
|
|display-editors=
|
October 2020 |
|doi-broken=
|
|doi-broken-date=
|
October 2020 |
|doi-inactive-date=
|
|doi-broken-date=
|
October 2020 |
|editorfirst=
|
|editor-first=
|
October 2020 |
|editorfirstn=
|
|editor-firstn=
|
October 2020 |
|editornfirst=
|
|editorn-first=
|
October 2020 |
|editorgiven=
|
|editor-given=
|
October 2020 |
|editorgivenn=
|
|editor-givenn=
|
October 2020 |
|editorngiven=
|
|editorn-given=
|
October 2020 |
|editorlast=
|
|editor-last=
|
October 2020 |
|editorlastn=
|
|editor-lastn=
|
October 2020 |
|editornlast=
|
|editorn-last=
|
October 2020 |
|editorlink=
|
|editor-link=
|
January 2021 |
|editorlinkn=
|
|editor-linkn=
|
January 2021 |
|editornlink=
|
|editorn-link=
|
January 2021 |
|editors=
|
|editor= (one editor) or |editorn= (more than one editor) or |veditors= (for Vancouver style editors). Consider splitting |editorn= into |editor-firstn= and |editor-lastn= , if possible. Consider |editor-maskn= , if annotation is required.
|
January 2021 |
|editorsurname=
|
|editor-surname=
|
October 2020 |
|editorsurnamen=
|
|editor-surnamen=
|
October 2020 |
|editornsurname=
|
|editorn-surname=
|
October 2020 |
|editormask=
|
|editor-mask=
|
October 2020 |
|editormaskn=
|
|editor-maskn=
|
October 2020 |
|editornmask=
|
|editorn-mask=
|
October 2020 |
|embargo=
|
|pmc-embargo-date=
|
October 2020 |
|episodelink=
|
|episode-link=
|
May 2021 |
|event-format=
|
(delete) | January 2021 |
|eventurl=
|
(delete) | January 2021 |
|event-url=
|
(delete) | January 2021 |
|ignoreisbnerror=
|
|isbn=((<isbn>))
|
October 2020 |
|ignore-isbn-error=
|
|isbn=((<isbn>))
|
January 2021 |
|interviewerlink=
|
|interviewer-link=
|
October 2020 |
|interviewerlinkn=
|
|interviewer-linkn=
|
October 2020 |
|interviewernlink=
|
|interviewern-link=
|
October 2020 |
|interviewermask=
|
|interviewer-mask=
|
October 2020 |
|interviewermaskn=
|
|interviewer-maskn=
|
October 2020 |
|interviewernmask=
|
|interviewern-mask=
|
October 2020 |
|last-author-amp=
|
|name-list-style=amp
|
January 2021 |
|lastauthoramp=
|
|name-list-style=amp
|
January 2021 |
|laydate=
|
|lay-date=
|
April 2021 |
|laysource=
|
|lay-source=
|
April 2021 |
|layurl=
|
|lay-url=
|
April 2021 |
|mailinglist=
|
|mailing-list=
|
May 2021 |
|mapurl=
|
|map-url=
|
May 2021 |
|name-list-format=
|
|name-list-style=
|
April 2021 |
|nocat=
|
|no-tracking=
|
January 2021 |
|no-cat=
|
|no-tracking=
|
October 2020 |
|nopp=
|
|no-pp=
|
May 2021 |
|notracking=
|
|no-tracking=
|
October 2020 |
|publicationdate=
|
|publication-date=
|
May 2021 |
|publicationplace=
|
|publication-place=
|
May 2021 |
|registration=
|
|url-access=registration
|
January 2020 |
|sectionurl=
|
|section-url=
|
April 2021 |
|serieslink=
|
|series-link=
|
May 2021 |
|seriesno=
|
|series-number=
|
April 2021 |
|seriesnumber=
|
|series-number=
|
January 2021 |
|series-separator=
|
(delete) | October 2020 |
|subjectlink=
|
|subject-link=
|
January 2021 |
|subjectlinkn=
|
|subject-linkn=
|
January 2021 |
|subjectnlink=
|
|subjectn-link=
|
January 2021 |
|subscription=
|
|url-access=subscription
|
January 2020 |
|timecaption=
|
|time-caption=
|
April 2021 |
|titlelink=
|
|title-link=
|
April 2021 |
|transcripturl=
|
|transcript-url=
|
May 2021 |
|author=Bono
). Aliases: surname, author, last1, surname1, author1.
|first1=...
|last1=...
|author2=...
.amp
, ampersand
, or &
, inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set to and
, inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set to vanc
displays name lists in Vancouver style when the lists use the last
/first
forms of name parameters.|vauthors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal
|vauthors=
as described above{{sfn}}
links to multiple-work citations by the same author in the same year.[more] Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after the publisher. c.
", like this: |date=c. 1900
.
|date=n.d.
|date=
, |access-date=
, |archive-date=
, etc.) in the style specified by the article's {{use dmy dates}}
or {{use mdy dates}}
template. See those templates' documentation for details.|date=
parameter instead unless both of the following conditions are met:
|date=
format is YYYY-MM-DD.CITEREF
disambiguator.|orig-date=First published 1859
or |orig-date=Composed 1904
. As |orig-date=
does not support automatic date formatting, use the same date format as defined by |df=
(or, if it exists in the article, by |cs1-dates=
of a {{use dmy dates}}
or {{use mdy dates}}
template), or as used in the |date=
parameter. Alias: orig-yeardmy
– set publication dates to day month year format; access- and archive-dates are not modified;mdy
– as above for month day, year formatymd
– as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DDdmy-all
– set publication, access-, and archive-dates to day month year format;mdy-all
– as above for month day, year formatymd-all
– as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD
... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja:東京タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower ...
newline | [ | ] | | |
---|---|---|---|
space | [ | ] | {{!}} (preferred)
|
{{bracket|text}} | | or {{pipe}} – |
none
can be used to disable the display of a type. Examples: Thesis, Booklet, Accepted manuscript, CD liner, Press release. Alias: medium.
... |chapter=Tōkyō tawā |script-chapter=ja:東京タワー |trans-chapter=Tokyo Tower ...
|language=fr, pt-br
or |language=French, Portuguese
. See the list of supported codes and names. Do not use templates or wikilinks. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name or names. When the only source language is English, no language is displayed in the citation. The use of languages recognized by the citation module adds the page to the appropriate subcategory of Category:CS1 foreign language sources. Because cs1|2 templates are often copied from en.wiki to other wikis, use of language codes is preferred so that languages render in the correct language and form: espagnol at a French-language wiki instead of 'Spanish'. Aliases: lang|edition=2nd
produces "2nd ed." Does not display if a periodical field is defined.|page=
or |pages=
, but not both. Displays preceded by p.
unless |no-pp=yes
. If hyphenated, use {{hyphen}} to indicate this is intentional (e.g. |page=3{{hyphen}}12
), otherwise several editors and semi-automated tools will assume this was a misuse of the parameter to indicate a page range and will convert |page=3-12
to |pages=3{{ndash}}12
. Alias: p.|page=
or |pages=
, but not both. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. Displays preceded by pp.
unless |no-pp=yes
. |pages=
without processing it, and use {{hyphen}} to indicate to editors that a hyphen is really intended: |pages=((3{{hyphen}}1{{ndash}}3{{hyphen}}15))
. Alternatively, use |at=
, like this: |at=pp. 3-1–3-15
. Alias: pp.
p.
or pp.
notations where this is inappropriate; for example, where |page=Front cover
or |pages=passim
.|page=
or |pages=
. Use only one of |page=
, |pages=
, or |at=
.|quote-page=
and |quote-pages=
used in conjunction with |quote=
, see here.#ixzz2rBr3aO94
or ?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=...
. Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as Amazon; use |isbn=
or |oclc=
to provide neutral search links for books. Invalid URLs, including those containing spaces, will result in an error message.
{{use dmy dates}}
and {{use mdy dates}}
. Can be hidden or styled by registered editors. Alias: accessdate.|url-status=live
) the archived link is displayed first, with the original link at the end. Alias: archiveurl.
{{use dmy dates}}
and {{use mdy dates}}
. Alias: archivedate.|url-status=dead
. When the URL is still live, but pre-emptively archived, then set |url-status=live
; this changes the display order, with the title retaining the original link and the archive linked at the end. When the original URL is 'live' but no longer supports the article text, set |url-status=deviated
. When the original URL has been usurped for the purposes of spam, advertising, or is otherwise unsuitable, setting |url-status=unfit
or |url-status=usurped
suppresses display of the original URL (but |url=
and |archive-url=
are still required).URLs must begin with a supported URI scheme. http://
and https://
will be supported by all browsers; however, ftp://
, gopher://
, irc://
, ircs://
, mailto:
and news:
may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided. IPv6 host-names are currently not supported.
If URLs in citation template parameters contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be percent-encoded. For example, a space must be replaced by %20
. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:
Character | space | " | ' | < | > | [ | ] | { | | | } |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Encoding | %20 | %22 | %27 | %3C | %3E | %5B | %5D | %7B | %7C | %7D |
Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.
|ref=ID
generates an anchor with the given ID
(the id=
attribute in the citation's <cite id="ID">
HTML tag). Setting |ref=ID
identifies the template as a target and allows wikilinking to full references, especially useful with short-form citations like shortened notes and parenthetical referencing. The default anchor ID is suitable for use with {{sfn}} and {{harv}} templates. Since April 2020, the parameter / keyword pair |ref=harv
has no special meaning; this deprecated setting should not be used and may be removed from existing cs1|2 templates. To inhibit anchor ID creation, set |ref=none
. Aliases: none. |id=NCJ 122967
will append "NCJ 122967" at the end of the citation. You can use templates such as |id={{NCJ|122967}}
to append NCJ 122967 instead.The following identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g. |rfc=822
or |pmc=345678
.
|arxiv=hep-th/9205027
(before April 2007) or |arxiv=0706.0001
(April 2007 – December 2014) or |arxiv=1501.00001
(since January 2015). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html". Aliases: eprint.|asin=B00005N5PF
. Aliases: ASIN.
ae
, au
, br
, ca
, cn
, de
, es
, fr
, in
, it
, jp
, mx
, nl
, pl
, sa
, se
, sg
, tr
, uk
. Aliases: none.1974AJ.....79..819H
. Aliases: none.10.1101/078733
for http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733 or https://doi.org/10.1101/078733; 10.1101/2020.07.24.220400
for https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.24.220400). Aliases: none.10.1.1.176.341
for http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341). Aliases: none.10.1038/news070508-7
. It is checked to ensure it begins with (10.
). Aliases: DOI.
|eissn=1557-2986
. Aliases: EISSN.
|hdl=20.1000/100
. Aliases: HDL.978-0-8126-9593-9
. Hyphens in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10-digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information – usually the back of the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9-digit SBN system, use sbn. Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10-digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Aliases: ISBN.
979-0-9016791-7-7
. Hyphens or spaces in the ISMN are optional. Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. This parameter should hold only the ISMN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens – and the proper check digit. Aliases: ISMN.|issn=2049-3630
. Aliases: ISSN.
|jfm=53.0144.01
. Aliases: JFM.|jstor=3793107
. Aliases: JSTOR.|lccn=79-57364
or |lccn=2004042477
or |lccn=e09001178
. Aliases: LCCN.|mr=630583
. Aliases: MR.|oclc=9355469
. Aliases: OCLC.|ol=7030731M
. Aliases: OL.|osti=4367507
. Aliases: OSTI.|pmc=345678
. Do not include "PMC" in the value. . Aliases: PMC.
|pmid=17322060
Aliases: PMID.|rfc=3143
. Aliases: RFC.|sbn=356-02201-3
. Aliases: SBN.
|ssrn=1900856
. Aliases: SSRN.|s2cid=37220927
. Aliases: S2CID.|zbl=0472.53010
For zbMATH search results like JFM 35.0387.02
use |jfm=35.0387.02
. Aliases: ZBL.In very rare cases, valid identifiers (f.e., as actually printed on publications) do not follow their defined standard format or use non-conforming checksums, which would typically cause an error message to be shown. Do not alter them to match a different checksum. In order to suppress the error message, some identifiers (|doi=
, |eissn=
, |isbn=
, |issn=
, and |sbn=
) support a special accept-this-as-written markup which can be applied to disable the error-checking (as |<param>=((<value>))
). If the problem is down to a mere typographical error in a third-party source, correct the identifier value instead of overriding the error message.
For some identifiers, it is possible to specify the access status using the corresponding |<param>-access=
parameter.
For {{cite journal}}, some identifiers (specifying free resources) will automatically be linked to the title when |url=
and |title-link=
are not used to specify a different link target. This behaviour can be overridden by one out of a number of special keywords for |title-link=
to manually select a specific source (|title-link=pmc
or |title-link=doi
) for auto-linking or to disable the feature (|title-link=none
).
It is not necessary to specify a URL to a link identical to a link also produced by an identifier. The |url=
parameter (or |title-link=
) can then be used for providing a direct deep link to the corresponding document or a convenience link to a resource that would not otherwise be obviously accessible.
... |quote=Tōkyō tawā |script-quote=ja:東京タワー |trans-quote=Tokyo Tower ...
|quote=
. Use either |quote-page=
or |quote-pages=
, but not both. Should be a subset of the page(s) specified in |page=
, |pages=
or |at=
. Displays preceded by p.
unless |no-pp=yes
. If hyphenated, use {{hyphen}} to indicate this is intentional (e.g. |quote-page=3{{hyphen}}12
). Alias: none.|quote=
. Use either |quote-page=
or |quote-pages=
, but not both. Should be a subset of the pages specified in |pages=
or |at=
. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,). Displays preceded by pp.
unless |no-pp=yes
is defined. Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate because individual page numbers contain hyphens, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use double parentheses to tell the template to display the value of |quote-pages=
without processing it, and use {{hyphen}} to indicate to editors that a hyphen is really intended: |quote-pages=((3{{hyphen}}1{{ndash}}3{{hyphen}}15))
. Alias: none.|editor-first1=...
|editor-last1=...
|editor2=...
.amp
, ampersand
, or &
, inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set to and
, inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set to vanc
displays name lists in Vancouver style when the lists use the last
/first
forms of name parameters.|veditors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal
|veditors=
, as described above
These parameters are deprecated. If the source that they name is important to the Wikipedia article, create a separate cs1|2 template for that source.
Citations of online sources that require registration or a subscription are acceptable in Wikipedia as documented in Verifiability § Access to sources. As a courtesy to readers and other editors, editors should signal restrictions on access to material provided via the external links included in a citation. These levels describe requirements or constraints related to accessing and viewing the cited material; they are not intended to indicate the ability to reuse, or the copyright status, of the material, since that status is not relevant to verifying claims in articles.
Four access levels can be used:
free
: the source is free to read for anyone (from the viewpoint of the provider of the source – could still be blocked by client-side filtering or safeguarding, or distributor-based geoblocking)registration
: a free registration with the provider of the source is required to access the source, even if a limited preview, abstract or review may still be available without registrationlimited
: there are other constraints (such as a cap on daily views, a restriction to certain day or night times, or providing the contents only to certain IP ranges/locales on behalf of the provider of the source) to freely access this source as a wholesubscription
: the source as a whole is only accessible via a paid subscription with the provider of the source ("paywall"), even if a limited preview, abstract or review may still be available without subscriptionAs there are often multiple external links with different access levels in the same citation, each value is attributed to a specific external link.
Online sources linked by |url=
, |article-url=
, |chapter-url=
, |contribution-url=
, |entry-url=
, |map-url=
, and |section-url=
are presumed to be free-to-read. When they are not free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. Because the sources linked by these url-holding parameters are presumed to be free-to-read, they may not be marked as free
.
URL | Access | Allowed keywords |
---|---|---|
|url=
|
|url-access= |
registration ![]() limited ![]() subscription ![]() |
|article-url=
|
|article-url-access=
| |
|chapter-url=
|
|chapter-url-access=
| |
|contribution-url=
|
|contribution-url-access=
| |
|entry-url=
|
|entry-url-access=
| |
|map-url=
|
|map-url-access=
| |
|section-url=
|
|section-url-access=
|
For example, this cites a web page that requires registration but not subscription:
which renders as:
Links inserted by named identifiers are presumed to lie behind a paywall or registration barrier – exceptions listed below. When they are free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. When the sources linked by these named-identifier parameters are not presumed to carry a free-to-read full text (for instance because they're just abstracting services), they may not be marked as limited
, registration
, or subscription
.
Identifier | Access | Allowed keywords |
---|---|---|
|bibcode=
|
|bibcode-access= |
free ![]() |
|doi=
|
|doi-access=
| |
|hdl=
|
|hdl-access=
| |
|jstor=
|
|jstor-access=
| |
|ol=
|
|ol-access=
| |
|osti=
|
|osti-access=
| |
|s2cid=
|
|s2cid-access=
|
Some named-identifiers are always free-to-read. For those named identifiers there are no access-indicator parameters; the access level is automatically indicated by the template. These named identifiers are:
|arxiv=
|biorxiv=
|citeseerx=
|pmc=
|rfc=
|ssrn=
For embargoed pmc that will become available in the future, see pmc-embargo-date.
See Template:Cite book/TemplateData.
This template produces COinS metadata; see COinS in Wikipedia for background information.
TemplateData
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
This is the TemplateData for this template used by TemplateWizard, VisualEditor and other tools. See a monthly parameter usage report for Template:Cite book in articles based on its TemplateData.
TemplateData for Cite book This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options.
|
© MMXXIII Rich X Search. We shall prevail. All rights reserved. Rich X Search