Archduchy of Austria

Archduchy of Austria
*Erzherzogtum Österreich* (German)
Archduchy of Austria Erzherzogtum Österreich (German)
1453–1804; 1867–1918
	Flag (1453–1804) Coat of arms
	Motto: A.E.I.O.U.; (Motto for the House of Habsburg); "All The World Is Subject To Austria"
	Full coat of arms with decorations:;
	The Archduchy of Austria, 1477
Status	State of the Holy Roman Empire (1453–1806); Crown land of the Habsburg monarchy (from 1526)
Capital	Vienna
Common languages	Central Bavarian, German, Renaissance Latin
Religion	Roman Catholicism
Demonym(s)	Austrian
Government	Absolute monarchy
Archduke
• 1453–1457	Ladislaus the Posthumous; (first formal archduke)
• 1792–1806	Francis I
• 1916–1918	Charles I
Historical era	Late Middle Ages to Early modern period
• Duke Rudolf IV forged Privilegium Maius	1358/59
• Emperor Frederick III acknowledged archducal title	6 January 1453
• Joined Austrian Circle	1512
• Ferdinand I regent according to Worms agreement	28 April 1521
• War of the Austrian Succession	1740–1748
• Austrian Empire proclaimed	11 August 1804
• Holy Roman Empire dissolved	6 August 1806
• Austro-Hungarian Compromise	30 August 1867
• Monarchy abolished	18 November 1918
• Disestablished	1918
Currency	Conventionsthaler; (Pre-1806); Florin; (1867–1892); Crown; (1892–1918);
ISO 3166 code	AT
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Duchy of Austria
Republic of German-Austria
	^a The title "Archduke of Austria" remained part of the official grand title of the rulers of Austria until 1918.

The Archduchy of Austria (German: Erzherzogtum Österreich) was a major principality of the Holy Roman Empire and the nucleus of the Habsburg monarchy. With its capital at Vienna, the archduchy was centered at the Empire's southeastern periphery.

Its present name originates from the Frankish term Oustrich – Eastern Kingdom (east of the Frankish kingdom). The archduchy developed out of the Bavarian Margraviate of Austria, elevated to the Duchy of Austria according to the 1156 Privilegium Minus by Emperor Frederick Barbarossa. The House of Habsburg came to the Austrian throne in Vienna in 1282 and in 1453 Emperor Frederick III, also the ruler of Austria, officially adopted the archducal title. From the 15th century onward, all Holy Roman Emperors but one were Austrian archdukes and with the acquisition of the Bohemian and Hungarian crown lands in 1526, the Habsburg hereditary lands became the centre of a major European power.^[4]

The archduchy's history as an imperial state ended with the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806. It was replaced with the Lower and Upper Austria crown lands of the Austrian Empire.^[5]^[6]

^ Heimann, Heinz-Dieter (2010). Die Habsburger : Dynastie und Kaiserreiche. Munich: Beck. pp. 38–45. ISBN 978-3-406-44754-9.
^ German: Alles Erdreich ist Österreich untertan (All soil is subject to Austria), Latin: Austriae est imperare orbi universo (Austria is to rule the whole world) Also known as. But in the book of the same author, another page in Latin "En, amor electis, iniustis ordinor ultor; Sic Fridericus ego mea iura rego" (En, the love of the elect, I am ordered to avenge the unjust; Thus, Frederick, I rule my rights) There are also others, but like House of Savoy's FERT, the official interpretation is not set.
^
The Ströhl's depiction in his Wappenrolle Österreich-Ungarns (1890 and 1900)
Hugo Gerhard Ströhl: Wappenrolle Österreich-Ungarns. Erste Auflage, Wien 1890, S. V-VI. and Wappenrolle Österreich-Ungarns. Dritte Auflage, Wien 1900, S. 14.
^ Banks, John (1761). A Compendious History of the House of Austria, and the German Empire, etc. H. Serjeant. pp. 398–.
^ Mitchell, A. Wess (2018). The Grand Strategy of the Habsburg Empire. Princeton University Press. p. 307. ISBN 9781400889969.
^ "The House of Austria – the Habsburgs and the Empire". Habsburger Net. Retrieved May 17, 2020.

[1] Heimann, Heinz-Dieter (2010). Die Habsburger : Dynastie und Kaiserreiche. Munich: Beck. pp. 38–45. ISBN 978-3-406-44754-9.

[2] German: Alles Erdreich ist Österreich untertan (All soil is subject to Austria), Latin: Austriae est imperare orbi universo (Austria is to rule the whole world) Also known as. But in the book of the same author, another page in Latin "En, amor electis, iniustis ordinor ultor; Sic Fridericus ego mea iura rego" (En, the love of the elect, I am ordered to avenge the unjust; Thus, Frederick, I rule my rights) There are also others, but like House of Savoy's FERT, the official interpretation is not set.

[3] 
The Ströhl's depiction in his Wappenrolle Österreich-Ungarns (1890 and 1900)
Hugo Gerhard Ströhl: Wappenrolle Österreich-Ungarns. Erste Auflage, Wien 1890, S. V-VI. and Wappenrolle Österreich-Ungarns. Dritte Auflage, Wien 1900, S. 14.

[Writer.)1761-4] Banks, John (1761). A Compendious History of the House of Austria, and the German Empire, etc. H. Serjeant. pp. 398–.

[5] Mitchell, A. Wess (2018). The Grand Strategy of the Habsburg Empire. Princeton University Press. p. 307. ISBN 9781400889969.

[6] "The House of Austria – the Habsburgs and the Empire". Habsburger Net. Retrieved May 17, 2020.

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