Thonburi Kingdom

Thonburi Kingdom
อาณาจักรธนบุรี
*Anachak Thonburi*
Thonburi Kingdom อาณาจักรธนบุรี; Anachak Thonburi
1767–1782
	Trade flag
	Sphere of influence of the Thonburi Kingdom in 1780. Early modern Southeast Asian political borders are subject to speculation.
Capital	Thonburi
Common languages	Thai (official); Northern Thai; Southern Thai; Lao; Khmer; Shan; Malay; Various Chinese languages
Religion	Theravada Buddhism
Government	Feudal monarchy
King
• 1767–1782	Taksin
Viceroy
• –1782	Inthraphithak
Historical era	Early modern period
• Capture of Chonburi and Rayong	January 1767
• Coronation of Taksin	28 December 1767
• Capture of Nakhon Si Thammarat	21 September 1769
• Capture of Phitsanulok	8 August 1770
• Capture of Chiang Mai	14 January 1775
• Fall of Phitsanulok	15 March 1776
• Capture of Vientiane	March 1779
• Recognition by the Qing dynasty	1781/1782
• Deposition of Taksin	1 April 1782
Currency	Photduang
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Ayutthaya Kingdom
	Phimai
	Phitsanulok
	Sawangburi
	Nakhon Si Thammarat
Rattanakosin Kingdom

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The Thonburi Kingdom (Thai: ธนบุรี, pronounced [tʰōn būrīː])^[2] was a major Siamese kingdom which existed in Southeast Asia from 1767 to 1782, centered around the city of Thonburi, in Siam or present-day Thailand. The kingdom was founded by Taksin the Great, who reunited Siam following the collapse of the Ayutthaya Kingdom, which saw the country separate into five warring regional states. The Thonburi Kingdom oversaw the rapid reunification and reestablishment of Siam as a preeminient military power within mainland Southeast Asia, overseeing the country's expansion to its greatest territorial extent up to that point in its history, incorporating Lan Na, the Laotian kingdoms (Luang Phrabang, Vientiane, Champasak), and Cambodia under the Siamese sphere of influence.^[3]

The Thonburi Kingdom saw the consolidation and continued growth of Chinese trade from Qing China, a continuation from the late Ayutthaya period (1688-1767), and the increased influence of the Chinese community in Siam, with Taksin and later monarchs sharing close connections and close family ties with the Sino-Siamese community.

The Thonburi Kingdom lasted for only 14 years, ending in 1782 when Taksin was deposed by a major Thonburi military commander, Chao Phraya Chakri, who subsequently founded the Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932), the fourth and present ruling kingdom of Thailand.

^ Lieberman, Victor (2003). Strange Parallels: Volume 1, Integration on the Mainland: Southeast Asia in Global Context, c.800–1830 (Studies in Comparative World History) (Kindle ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521800860.
^ Wyatt, David K. (1 January 2003). Thailand: A Short History. Yale University Press. p. 122. ISBN 978-0-300-08475-7.
^ Wyatt, David K. (2003). Thailand : A Short History (2nd ed.). Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books. p. 122. ISBN 974957544X. "Within a decade or so, a new Siam already had succeeded where Naresuan and his Ayutthaya predecessors had failed in creating a new Siamese empire encompassing Lan Na, much of Lan Sang [sic], as well as Cambodia, and large portions of the Malay Peninsula."

[1] Lieberman, Victor (2003). Strange Parallels: Volume 1, Integration on the Mainland: Southeast Asia in Global Context, c.800–1830 (Studies in Comparative World History) (Kindle ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521800860.

[2] Wyatt, David K. (1 January 2003). Thailand: A Short History. Yale University Press. p. 122. ISBN 978-0-300-08475-7.

[3] Wyatt, David K. (2003). Thailand : A Short History (2nd ed.). Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books. p. 122. ISBN 974957544X. "Within a decade or so, a new Siam already had succeeded where Naresuan and his Ayutthaya predecessors had failed in creating a new Siamese empire encompassing Lan Na, much of Lan Sang [sic], as well as Cambodia, and large portions of the Malay Peninsula."

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