Upper German

Upper German
Upper German
Oberdeutsch
Geographic; distribution	Southern Germany, northern and central Switzerland, Austria, Liechtenstein, Northern Italy (South Tyrol), France (Alsace)
Linguistic classification	Indo-European Germanic West Germanic High German Upper German; ; ; ;
Early form	since the New High German time: Old High German and Middle High German
Subdivisions	Alemannic; Swabian; Bavarian; East Franconian (since the Middle High German time; in the Old High German time classified as Central German); South Franconian (sometimes included; sometimes classified as Central German);
Glottolog	high1286
	Upper German after 1945 and the expulsions of the Germans.; High Franconian: 1: East Franconian 2: South Franconian Alemannic: 3: Swabian German 4: Low Alemannic 5: High and Highest Alemannic Bavarian: 6: Northern Bavarian 7: Central Bavarian 8: Southern Bavarian

Upper German (German: Oberdeutsch [ˈoːbɐdɔʏtʃ] ^ⓘ) is a family of High German dialects spoken primarily in the southern German-speaking area (Sprachraum).

^ ^a ^b Peter Ernst: Deutsche Sprachgeschichte: Eine Einführung in die diachrone Sprachwissenschaft des Deutschen. 3rd ed., UTB / facultas Verlag, 2021, p. 76 [about Old and early Middle High German]
^ ^a ^b Heinz Mettke: Mittelhochdeutsche Grammatik. 8. Aufl., Tübingen, 2000, p. 20ff. [the grammar is about Middle High German, but the dialectal overview more general]
^ Thordis Hennings: Einführung in das Mittelhochdeutsche. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin/Boston, 2020, p. 5–7 [about Middle High German], having: „Das Oberdeutsche: [..] das Alemannische, Bairische, Südrheinfränkische und Ostfränkische.“

Upper German
Oberdeutsch
Geographic distribution	Southern Germany, northern and central Switzerland, Austria, Liechtenstein, Northern Italy (South Tyrol), France (Alsace)
Linguistic classification	Indo-European Germanic West Germanic High German Upper German
Early form	since the New High German time: Old High German and Middle High German
Subdivisions	Alemannic Swabian Bavarian East Franconian (since the Middle High German time; in the Old High German time classified as Central German)^[1]^[2] South Franconian (sometimes included;^[3] sometimes classified as Central German^[1]^[2])
Glottolog	`high1286`
Upper German after 1945 and the expulsions of the Germans. High Franconian: 1: East Franconian 2: South Franconian Alemannic: 3: Swabian German 4: Low Alemannic 5: High and Highest Alemannic Bavarian: 6: Northern Bavarian 7: Central Bavarian 8: Southern Bavarian