Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel

Landgraviate of Hesse-Cassel
Hessian Palatinate
*Landgrafschaft Hessen-Kassel* (German)
*Hessischen Pfalz*
Landgraviate of Hesse-Cassel; Hessian Palatinate Landgrafschaft Hessen-Kassel (German); Hessischen Pfalz
1567–1803
	Flag Coat of arms; (1736–1804)
	Hesse-Kassel within the Holy Roman Empire in 1618
Status	Landgraviate
Capital	Kassel
Common languages	German; Hessian;
Religion	Lutheranism; Calvinism (from 1605);
Government	Absolute monarchy
Landgrave
• 1567–1592	William IV
• 1730–1751	Frederick I, King of Sweden
• 1751–1760	William VIII
• 1760–1785	Frederick II
• 1785–1803	William IX (Elector of Hesse to 1821)
History
• Established	1567
• Raised to Electorate	1803
Population
• 1775	300,000
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Landgraviate of Hesse
Electorate of Hesse
Today part of	Germany

The Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (German: Landgrafschaft Hessen-Kassel), spelled Hesse-Cassel during its entire existence,^[a] also known as the Hessian Palatinate (German: Hessische Pfalz),^[2]^[3] was a state of the Holy Roman Empire. The state was created in 1567 when the Landgraviate of Hesse was divided upon the death of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse. His eldest son William IV inherited the northern half of the Landgraviate and the capital of Kassel. The other sons received the Landgraviates of Hesse-Marburg, Hesse-Rheinfels and Hesse-Darmstadt.

During the Napoleonic reorganisation of the Empire in 1803, the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel was elevated to an Electorate and Landgrave William IX became an Imperial Elector. Many members of the House of Hesse-Kassel served in the Danish military gaining high ranks and power in the realm due to the fact that many Landgraves were married to Danish princesses. Members of the family who are known to have served Denmark-Norway include Prince Frederik of Hesse-Kassel, Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel, and Prince Charles of Hesse-Kassel. It had two votes to the Reichstag: one for itself and one for Hersfeld Abbey. It was later occupied by French troops and became part of the Kingdom of Westphalia, a French satellite state. The Electorate of Hesse was restored at the end of the Napoleonic Wars, though by that time there was no longer an emperor to elect.

^ Brendan Morrissey. "The American Revolution The Global Struggle for National Independence." Salamander: 2001. Page 240.
^ The Bavarian State Library (1892). House documents. p. 179.
^ The Bavarian State Library (1886). Wie's klingt am Rhei' mundartliche Gedichte aus der hessischen Pfalz. p. 112.

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[1] Brendan Morrissey. "The American Revolution The Global Struggle for National Independence." Salamander: 2001. Page 240.

[bavarianstatelibrary-3] The Bavarian State Library (1892). House documents. p. 179.

[hessischenpfalz-4] The Bavarian State Library (1886). Wie's klingt am Rhei' mundartliche Gedichte aus der hessischen Pfalz. p. 112.

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