Elena Mikhnenko

Elena Mikhnenko
Елена Михненко
Born	(1922-10-30)30 October 1922 Warsaw, Second Polish Republic (present-day Poland)
Died	16 January 1993(1993-01-16) (aged 70) Jambyl, Kazakhstan
Nationality	Ukrainian[1]
Other names	Lucie
Citizenship	Stateless[1]
Criminal charges	Anti-Soviet agitation
Parents	Nestor Makhno (father) Halyna Kuzmenko (mother)

Elena Nestorovna Mikhnenko (Russian: Елена Несторовна Михненко;^[a] 1922–1993) was the daughter of the Ukrainian anarchist revolutionaries Nestor Makhno and Halyna Kuzmenko. Born in exile, she spent her early life in France, where she was living at the outbreak of World War II. Following the occupation of France, Mikhnenko was captured and conscripted into forced labour in Nazi Germany. She was subsequently arrested by Soviet state security, which first imprisoned her for "anti-Soviet agitation" and then exiled her to the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic. She lived and worked in Kazakhstan for the rest of her life, witnessing the dissolution of the Soviet Union before her death in 1993.

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