Kingdom of Lithuania (1918)

Kingdom of Lithuania Lietuvos Karalystė (Lithuanian) Königreich Litauen (German)
1918
Flag
Map of the Kingdom of Lithuania (1918)
Status	Client state of the German Empire
Capital	Vilnius
Common languages	Lithuanian Polish Belarusian Russian
Demonym(s)	Lithuanian
Government	Constitutional monarchy under a provisional government
King-elect
• 1918	Mindaugas II
Legislature	Council of Lithuania
Historical era	World War I
• Vilnius Conference	18 September 1917
• Independence declared	16 February 1918
• Treaty of Brest-Litovsk	3 March 1918
• Recognized by Germany	23 March 1918
• Monarchy proclaimed	4 June 1918
• King elected	11 July 1918
• Monarchy suspended	2 November 1918
• German surrender	11 November 1918
Preceded by Succeeded by Ober Ost Russian Republic Republic of Lithuania Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic Second Polish Republic

The Kingdom of Lithuania was an attempt to establish an independent constitutional Lithuanian monarchy in February 1918. It was created towards the end of World War I when Lithuanian-speaking lands were under military occupation by the German Empire. The state was officially dissolved in November 1918.

The Council of Lithuania declared Lithuania's independence on 16 February 1918, but the council was unable to form a government, police, or other state institutions due to the continued presence of German troops. The Germans presented various proposals to incorporate Lithuania into the German Empire, particularly Prussia. The Lithuanians resisted this idea and hoped to preserve their independence by creating a separate constitutional monarchy.

On 4 June 1918, they voted to offer the Lithuanian throne to the German noble Wilhelm Karl, Duke of Urach. He accepted the offer in July 1918 and took the regnal name Mindaugas II. However, he never visited Lithuania. His election stirred up controversy, divided the council and did not achieve the desired results. As Germany was losing the war and was engulfed in the German Revolution, Lithuania suspended its decision to invite the Duke on 2 November 1918, thereby ending his reign.