Dolly (sheep)

Dolly
	Dolly (taxidermy)
Other name(s)	6LLS (code name)
Species	Domestic sheep (Finn-Dorset)
Sex	Female
Born	5 July 1996; Roslin Institute, Midlothian, Scotland
Died	14 February 2003 (aged 6); Roslin Institute, Midlothian, Scotland
Cause of death	Euthanasia
Resting place	National Museum of Scotland (remains on display)
Nation from	United Kingdom (Scotland)
Known for	First mammal cloned from an adult somatic cell
Offspring	6 lambs (Bonnie; twins Sally and Rosie; triplets Lucy, Darcy and Cotton)
Named after	Dolly Parton

Dolly (5 July 1996 – 14 February 2003) was a female Finn-Dorset sheep and the first mammal that was cloned from an adult somatic cell. She was cloned by associates of the Roslin Institute in Scotland, using the process of nuclear transfer from a cell taken from a mammary gland. Her cloning proved that a cloned organism could be produced from a mature cell from a specific body part.^[2] Contrary to popular belief, she was not the first animal to be cloned.^[3]

The employment of adult somatic cells in lieu of embryonic stem cells for cloning emerged from the foundational work of John Gurdon, who cloned African clawed frogs in 1958 with this approach. The successful cloning of Dolly led to widespread advancements within stem cell research, including the discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells.^[4]

Dolly lived at the Roslin Institute throughout her life and produced several lambs.^[5] She was euthanized at the age of six years due to a progressive lung disease. No cause which linked the disease to her cloning was found.^[6]

Dolly's body was preserved and donated by the Roslin Institute in Scotland to the National Museum of Scotland, where it has been regularly exhibited since 2003.

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^ "The Life of Dolly | Dolly the Sheep". Archived from the original on 11 November 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
^ "The Legacy | Dolly the Sheep". Archived from the original on 20 September 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
^ Cite error: The named reference BBC was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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[3] "The Life of Dolly | Dolly the Sheep". Archived from the original on 11 November 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.

[4] "The Legacy | Dolly the Sheep". Archived from the original on 20 September 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.

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[final_illness-6] Cite error: The named reference final_illness was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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