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| Vetulicolia | |
|---|---|
Fossil of Vetulicola cuneata Restorations and fossils of vetulicolians | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Clade?: | †Vetulicolia Shu et al. 2001 |
| Type species | |
| †Vetulicola cuneata Hou, 1987
| |
| Classes | |
Vetulicolia is a group of bilaterian marine animals encompassing several extinct species from the Cambrian,[2] and possibly Ediacaran,[1] periods. As of 2023, the majority of workers favor placing Vetulicolians in the stem group of the Chordata,[3] but some continue to favor a more crownward placement as a sister group to the Tunicata.[2] It was initially erected as a monophyletic clade with the rank of phylum in 2001,[4] with subsequent work supporting its monophyly.[5] However, more recent research suggests that vetulicolians may be paraphyletic and form a basal evolutionary grade of stem chordates.[6]
- ^ a b Liu et al. 2024 (Note that while the paper leaves the classification of Alienum uncertain in its systematic paleontology, it also states on page 4 that "Alienum velamenus might belong to a clade of extinct Vetulicolia that formed during the early evolution of Vetulicola." It is tentatively included here on these grounds.)
- ^ a b Gee 2018, pp. 188–189
- ^ Onai et al. 2023, p. 202
- ^ Shu et al. 2001
- ^ Aldridge et al. 2007, p. 154
- ^ Mussini et al. 2024
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