Back Elección especial al distrito congresional at-large de Alaska de 2022 Spanish 2022年阿拉斯加州單一選區聯邦眾議員補選 Chinese
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Alaska's at-large congressional district | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| Turnout | 32.2%[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||
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    Peltola: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% Palin: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| Elections in Alaska |
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The 2022 Alaska at-large congressional district special election was held on August 16 to fill the seat left vacant after the death of Republican incumbent Don Young.[2] Mary Peltola defeated former governor Sarah Palin in the election, becoming the first Democrat to represent Alaska in the House since 1972, the first Alaska Native elected to Congress, and the first woman elected to represent Alaska in the House.[3]
The election was the first held after the passage of 2020 Alaska Measure 2, establishing a new procedure for elections. Under the new system, the top 4 candidates in a nonpartisan blanket primary advance to the general election. The general election is conducted using instant-runoff voting, a variant on traditional primaries where last-place candidates are repeatedly eliminated until only one candidate is left. Al Gross's withdrawal left only three names on the ballot in the general election.
The runoff count commenced on August 31, after all absentee and overseas ballots were counted.[4][5] Peltola was declared the winner on August 31.[6] The Democratic victory was widely considered an upset due to Alaska's strong Republican lean. Peltola became the first Democrat to win a statewide or congressional election in Alaska since Mark Begich in 2008.[7] She was sworn in to the House of Representatives on September 13.[8]
The election generated discussion on whether instant runoff voting produced a sufficiently representative result. Republican politicians criticized the fact that a majority of voters chose a Republican as their first choice and yet a Democrat won in the final round.[9] Social choice theorists from Cornell University produced an analysis arguing that Begich's elimination in the first round was an example of center-squeeze, in which a moderate with majority support is eliminated as a result of not having enough first choice votes.[10][11][12] In this case, Begich had a higher favorability rating than Peltola or Palin, but Palin played the role of spoiler by knocking Begich out of contention in the first round.[13]
Conversely, the election received praise from some pundits and those in favor of instant runoff voting for allowing voters to express their preference for the more moderate candidates regardless of their partisan affiliation, as evidenced by the fact that enough Begich voters crossed party lines to give Peltola a majority in the final round. Businessman and former presidential candidate Andrew Yang argued that the election served as a model for electing more moderate candidates to major offices.[14] FairVote, a lobbying group in favor of instant runoff voting, praised the results, arguing that the low rate of spoiled ballots indicated that Alaskan voters were capable of understanding the system and using it.[15]
- ^ "State of Alaska | 2022 SPECIAL GENERAL ELECTION | Election Summary Report | August 16, 2022 | OFFICIAL RESULTS" (PDF). Alaska Division of Elections. September 2, 2022. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 17, 2022. Retrieved September 2, 2022.
- ^ Miller, Andrew Mark (March 18, 2022). "Alaska Republican Congressman Don Young dead at 88". Fox News. Archived from the original on March 19, 2022. Retrieved March 18, 2022.
- ^ Rockey, Tim (September 2022). "Peltola to become first Alaska Native, first female Alaska congresswoman". Alaskasnewssource.com. Archived from the original on September 1, 2022. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
- ^ Brooks, James (March 19, 2022). "Alaska's first ranked-choice election will be a special vote to replace Rep. Don Young". Anchorage Daily News. Archived from the original on March 23, 2022. Retrieved March 21, 2022.
- ^ Iris Samuels. "Peltola again grows her lead, but final outcome in Alaska's U.S. House race is days away". Anchorage Daily News. Archived from the original on August 28, 2022. Retrieved August 28, 2022.
- ^ "Democrat Mary Peltola wins special election to fill Alaska's U.S. House seat". Reuters. September 1, 2022. Archived from the original on September 1, 2022. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
- ^ Rakich, Nathaniel (September 1, 2022). "What Democrats' Win In Alaska Tells Us About November". FiveThirtyEight. Archived from the original on September 1, 2022. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
- ^ Media, Alaska Public; Media, Chris Klint, Alaska Public (September 13, 2022). "Mary Peltola makes history as first Alaska Native person sworn into Congress". KTOO. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "North to the Future: Alaska's Ranked Choice Voting System is Praised and Criticized Nationally". Alaska Public Media.
- ^ Graham-Squire, Adam; McCune, David (September 10, 2022). "A Mathematical Analysis of the 2022 Alaska Special Election for US House". arXiv:2209.04764 [econ.GN].
- ^ Foley, Edward B. (November 1, 2022). "Alaska's ranked-choice voting is flawed. But there's an easy fix". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved February 9, 2024.
- ^ Atkinson, Nathan; Ganz, Scott C. (October 30, 2022). "The flaw in ranked-choice voting: rewarding extremists". The Hill. Retrieved May 14, 2023.
However, ranked-choice voting makes it more difficult to elect moderate candidates when the electorate is polarized. For example, in a three-person race, the moderate candidate may be preferred to each of the more extreme candidates by a majority of voters. However, voters with far-left and far-right views will rank the candidate in second place rather than in first place. Since ranked-choice voting counts only the number of first-choice votes (among the remaining candidates), the moderate candidate would be eliminated in the first round, leaving one of the extreme candidates to be declared the winner.
- ^ Graham-Squire, Adam; McCune, David (January 2, 2024). "Ranked Choice Wackiness in Alaska". Math Horizons. 31 (1): 24–27. doi:10.1080/10724117.2023.2224675. ISSN 1072-4117.
- ^ "North to the Future: Alaska's Ranked Choice Voting System is Praised and Criticized Nationally". Alaska Public Media.
- ^ Otis, Deb (August 31, 2022). "Results and analysis from Alaska's first RCV election". FairVote.
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