44th Canadian Parliament

44th Parliament of Canada
Minority parliament
22 November 2021 – 23 March 2025
Parliament leaders
Prime Minister	Rt. Hon. Justin Trudeau 4 Nov 2015 – 14 Mar 2025
	Rt. Hon. Mark Carney 14 Mar 2025 – present
Cabinets	29th Canadian Ministry 30th Canadian Ministry
Leader of the Opposition	Hon. Erin O'Toole 24 Aug 2020 – 2 Feb 2022
	Hon. Candice Bergen 2 Feb 2022 – 10 Sep 2022
	Hon. Pierre Poilievre 10 Sep 2022 – present
Party caucuses
Government	Liberal Party
Opposition	Conservative Party
Recognized	Bloc Québécois
	New Democratic Party[a]
	Independent Senators Group*
	Canadian Senators Group*
	Progressive Senate Group*
Unrecognized	Green Party
* Only in the Senate.
House of Commons
Seating arrangements of the House of Commons
Speaker of the Commons	Hon. Anthony Rota 5 Dec 2019 – 27 Sep 2023
	Louis Plamondon (interim) 27 Sep 2023 – 3 Oct 2023
	Hon. Greg Fergus 3 Oct 2023 – present
Government House Leader	Hon. Mark Holland 26 Oct 2021 – 26 Jul 2023
	Hon. Karina Gould 26 Jul 2023 – 8 Jan 2024
	Hon. Steven MacKinnon (interim) 8 Jan 2024 – 19 Jul 2024
	Hon. Karina Gould 19 Jul 2024 – 24 Jan 2025
	Hon. Steven MacKinnon 24 Jan 2025 – 14 Mar 2025
	Hon. Arielle Kayabaga 14 Mar 2025 – present
Opposition House Leader	Gérard Deltell 2 Sep 2020 – 4 Feb 2022
	John Brassard 5 Feb 2022 – 12 Sep 2022
	Andrew Scheer 13 Sep 2022 – present
Members	338 MP seats List of members
Senate
Seating arrangements of the Senate
Speaker of the Senate	Hon. George Furey 3 Dec 2015 – 12 May 2023
	Hon. Raymonde Gagné 12 May 2023 – present
Government Senate Rep.	Hon. Marc Gold 24 Jan 2020 – present
Opposition Senate Leader	Hon. Don Plett 5 Nov 2019 – present
Senators	105 senator seats List of senators
Sovereign
Monarch	Elizabeth II 6 Feb 1952 – 8 Sep 2022
	Charles III 8 Sep 2022 – present
Governor General	HE Rt. Hon. Mary Simon 26 Jul 2021 – present
Sessions
1st session 22 November 2021 – 6 January 2025
← 43rd → 45th

The 44th Canadian Parliament was in session from 22 November 2021 to 23 March 2025, with the membership of the House of Commons having been determined by the results of the 2021 federal election held on 20 September. Parliament officially resumed on 22 November with the re-election of Speaker Anthony Rota, and the Speech from the Throne was read by Governor General Mary Simon the following day.

The 44th Parliament corresponded to a Liberal Party minority government under the premiership of Justin Trudeau, with Trudeau succeeded by Mark Carney for its final nine days. Six months into the first session, on 22 March 2022, it was announced that the New Democratic Party would support the government with confidence and supply measures.^[1][2] The support was contingent on the government implementing a pharmacare program and a dental care program. The temporary Canada Dental Benefit was established in December 2022, and the permanent Canadian Dental Care Plan began rolling out in December 2023.^[3][4] The NDP ended their confidence and supply arrangement with the Liberal government on 4 September 2024.

On 6 January 2025, amid political pressure, Trudeau announced that he would resign as leader of the Liberal Party and as prime minister once his successor is elected. As part of the announcement, Trudeau also stated that he had requested to the Governor General the prorogation of Parliament until 24 March 2025 while his successor is determined, thus ending the first session of the 44th Parliament; he stated that "despite best efforts to work through it, Parliament has been paralyzed for months."^[5][6]

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